Inode - Inode

Japanese: イノデ - いので
Inode - Inode

An evergreen fern of the Dryopteris family. From a thick, tuberous rhizome, lanceolate leaves, sometimes over 1 meter long, grow in radial clusters. The petiole is about half the length of the blade, and at its base is densely covered with large, brown, blackish brown, or reddish brown, lanceolate, 2 cm long scales. The scales on the central axis are hairy. The edges of the scales have irregular sawtooth-like protrusions. The leaf blade is twice pinnately divided, dark green, glossy on the surface, and made of hard grass. The undersides of the pinnae have hairy scales that extend awn-like at the tips. The sporangia are circular and have a round, shield-shaped envelope. It is commonly found in plains and low mountains from the Kanto region west of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The scales at the base of the petiole are important for classifying closely related species. Asukainode, found along the Pacific coast from Tohoku to Shikoku, has almost no sawtooth on its scales. Tsuyanashiinode has ovate scales at the base of the petiole and broad ovate scales on the central axis. In the closely related Sakageinode, the scales on the central axis point downward. Tsuyanashiinode is not found in Honshu west of Kanto, Shikoku, and Kyushu, while Sakageinode is not found in Kyushu, but in cold areas from Hokkaido to Honshu. Both grow in shady, damp mountain forests. Katainode has lanceolate or broad lanceolate scales at the base of the petiole, and is shiny black-brown. The edges are bordered with light brown. It grows in mountain forests in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu west of Kanto. Saigokuinode is similar to Katainode, but its leaves reach 1 meter in length, are not shiny, and the sporangia are concentrated on the edges. In Honshu, it is found in the central and southern parts, Hokuriku, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The genus Inodea is relatively easy to cultivate and is sometimes planted in gardens.

[Harufumi Nishida]

Main types of ferns (5) [specimen illustrations]
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Main types of ferns (5) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

オシダ科の常緑性シダ。太い塊状の根茎から、長さ1メートルを超すこともある披針(ひしん)形の葉を放射状に束生する。葉柄は葉身の約2分の1、基部には褐色、黒褐色、または赤褐色の披針形で、長さ2センチメートルほどの大形の鱗片(りんぺん)が密生する。中軸の鱗片は毛状。鱗片の縁(ふち)には不規則な鋸歯(きょし)状の突起がある。葉身は2回羽状に分裂し、深緑色で表面に光沢があり、堅い草質。小羽片の裏には毛状鱗片がつき、先は芒(のぎ)状に伸びる。胞子嚢(ほうしのう)群は円形で、丸い盾状の包膜をもつ。分布は関東地方以西の本州、四国、九州にかけ、平地から低山地によくみかける。近縁種の分類には葉柄基部の鱗片が重要である。東北地方から四国までの太平洋岸に分布するアスカイノデは、鱗片にほとんど鋸歯がない。ツヤナシイノデは、葉柄基部の鱗片は卵形、中軸にも広卵形の鱗片がある。近縁のサカゲイノデでは、中軸の鱗片が下向きにつく。ツヤナシイノデは関東以西の本州、四国、九州、サカゲイノデは九州にはなく、北海道から本州にかけて寒い所に分布する。ともに陰湿な山林下に生える。カタイノデは、葉柄基部の鱗片が披針形ないし広披針形で、光沢のある黒褐色。縁には淡褐色の縁取りがある。関東以西の本州、四国、九州の山林下に生育する。サイゴクイノデは、カタイノデに似るが、葉は1メートルに達し、光沢がなく、胞子嚢群は縁に偏る。本州では中南部と北陸、四国、九州などに分布する。イノデの仲間は栽培が比較的容易で、庭植えにされることもある。

[西田治文]

シダ植物のおもな種類(5)〔標本画〕
©藤島淳三">

シダ植物のおもな種類(5)〔標本画〕


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