Horeki Incident

This was an incident that took place in Kyoto in 1758 (8th year of the Horeki era) in which young pro-imperial nobles who sought to restore imperial power and Takeuchi Shikibu were punished. Takeuchi Shikibu, a Confucian scholar and Shintoist, lectured at his private school on such works as the Nihon Shoki, Hoken Daiki, and Seiken Igen, based on the Kimon school and Suika Shinto. In his lectures, he preached about the mindset of restoring power to the Imperial family, whose power had been usurped by the samurai, while also harshly slandering the shogun. His disciples, such as Tokudaiji Kimiki, Ogimachi Sanjo Kintsumu, Karasuma Mitsutane, and Nishinotouin Tokina, who were dissatisfied with the current situation, were deeply impressed by his teacher's teachings. In order to cultivate the Emperor's virtue, they presented the young Emperor Momozono with a copy of the Nihon Shoki based on Shikibu's theories. However, fearing that this would lead to a deterioration in relations between the Imperial Court and the Shogunate, former regent Ichijo Michika and others mobilized the Emperor's legitimate mother, Seikimon'in, to suspend Tokudaiji and others from their posts, place them under permanent house arrest, and remove them from the Emperor's circle (July 8th year of the Horeki era). Meanwhile, regarding Shikibu, Kyoto Shoshidai Matsudaira Terutaka was contacted and he was handed over to the Shogunate, and in May of the following year, 59th year, the Kyoto magistrate sentenced Shikibu to severe exile. Shikibu was driven out of Kyoto and retreated to Ujiyamada in Ise Province (Mie Prefecture).

[Tadao Yamada]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1758年（宝暦8）に京都で朝権回復を志す尊王論者の少壮公卿(くぎょう)らと竹内式部(たけのうちしきぶ)が処罰された事件。儒者、神道者の竹内式部は崎門(きもん)学派、垂加神道(すいかしんとう)に基づいて『日本書紀』『保建(ほうけん)大記』『靖献遺言(せいけんいげん)』などを家塾で講義した。そのなかで武家に政権を奪われた朝家の政権回復の心構えを説く一方、激しく将軍を誹謗(ひぼう)した。現状に不満をもつ門弟の徳大寺公城(きみき)、正親町三条公積(おおぎまちさんじょうきんつむ)、烏丸光胤(からすまるみつたね)、西洞院時名(にしのとういんときな)などの公卿は師の説に深く感銘した。彼らは君徳涵養(かんよう)のため若い桃園(ももぞの)天皇に式部の学説にのっとった『日本書紀』を進講した。しかし事が朝廷と幕府との関係悪化に発展するのを恐れた前関白一条道香(みちか)らは、天皇の嫡母青綺門院(せいきもんいん)を動かして、徳大寺らの官を停(と)め永蟄居(えいちっきょ)など処罰して天皇の周囲から排除した（宝暦8年7月）。一方、式部については、京都所司代松平輝高に連絡して幕府にゆだね、翌59年5月京都町奉行(ぶぎょう)は式部を重追放に処した。式部は京を追われ伊勢(いせ)国（三重県）宇治山田へ退去した。

［山田忠雄］

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