In a broad sense, it can be said to be an academic field that studies issues such as what kind of new legislation is needed (legislative policy) based on an objective understanding of the current social state, or how the interpretation and operation of the current legal system can be adapted to the current situation, but it does not have a clear image, method, or system. However, in recent years, inspired by the "law and economics" of Coase, Calabresi, Posner, and others, which is based on welfare economics, Yoshio Hirai has proposed a new way of thinking called "legal policy studies" that re-recognizes and operates modern law as a system that realizes efficient allocation of resources, and this has attracted attention. According to this, the emphasis of modern law has shifted from a law of rights and obligations that aims for individual justice centered on trials to a law of resource allocation with a strong policy orientation, and legal policy studies are said to provide the techniques for designing legal systems that can respond to this. [Nawada Yoshihiko] “Law Policy Studies” by Yoshio Hirai (1987, Yuhikaku) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
広義には、現在の社会状態の客観的認識に基づいて、新たにどのような立法が必要か(立法政策)、あるいは現行法制度の解釈・運用をどのように現状に即応したものにできるかといった問題を研究する学問であるといえるが、明確なイメージや方法・体系があるわけではない。しかし近年、平井宜雄(よしお)が、コース、カラブレジ、ポズナーらの、厚生経済学を理論的基礎とする「法と経済学」law and economicsに刺激されつつ、現代法を資源の効率的配分を実現するシステムとして再認識し運用する考え方を「法政策学」の名で提唱し、注目されている。それによれば、現代法は、裁判を中心とする個別的正義を目ざす権利・義務型の法から、政策的志向を強くもった資源配分の法へと重点を移してきており、それに即応できる法制度設計の技術を提供するのが法政策学だとされる。 [名和田是彦] 『平井宜雄著『法政策学』(1987・有斐閣)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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