Satz (German: "Sentence")

A musical term. The smallest cohesive unit in a musical form is called a motive, and in many cases, two such motives are combined to form a short section (phrase), and two more short sections form a larger section (stage). Usually, a motive is made up of two measures, so a small section is most often four measures long, and a large section is most often eight measures long. When two short sections are joined to form a larger section, the first short section is called the previous section, and the second short section is called the subsequent section. The cadence of the previous section is a half cadence or an imperfect cadence, and the cadence of the subsequent section is a perfect cadence, and the larger section has a completeness in itself. Note that the word "section" is sometimes used not only as a term related to musical form, but also as a term indicating a compositional style, such as "four-voice section" or "polyphonic section."

[Toshiaki Kurosaka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

音楽用語。音楽形式においてまとまりのある最小単位を動機といい、多くの場合、この動機が二つ組み合わされて小楽節（楽句）がつくられ、さらに二つの小楽節で大楽節（楽段）が形成される。普通、動機は2小節でできており、したがって小楽節は4小節、大楽節は8小節となることがもっとも多い。二つの小楽節が連なって大楽節となったとき、前の小楽節は前楽節、後の小楽節は後楽節といわれる。前楽節の終止は半終止か不完全終止、後楽節の終止は完全終止となり、大楽節はそれ自身で完結性をもつ。なお楽節は、こういった楽式に関する用語としてだけでなく、「四声楽節」「多声楽節」などのように、作曲様式を示す用語としても使われることがある。

［黒坂俊昭］

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