Drying oil is heated and air is blown in, and a drying agent is added to oxidize it so that it has the appropriate viscosity and drying properties. It is used as a paint raw material. If drying oil is made into a thin layer and left in the air, it takes several days to dry. However, if it is processed into boiled oil, the drying time can be reduced to a fraction of that. Linseed oil is used alone as the raw oil, or soybean oil is used in combination with other drying oils. Oxides of lead, cobalt, manganese, etc., fatty acid salts, or resin acid salts are used as drying agents. The raw drying oil is gradually heated to 130°C to remove the moisture from the oil. The temperature is then set to about 100°C, 0.1 to 0.2% linseed oil fatty acid manganese is added, and air is blown in. If the blowing time is short, the color tone is poor and the viscosity is low, and if the blowing time is long, the color tone becomes pale but the viscosity becomes inappropriate. Generally, the blowing time is about 10 hours. The more unsaturated fatty acids an oil contains, the worse its color is, but it is oxidized and bleached by the blown in air, resulting in a lighter color than the raw oil. The oxidation of the raw drying oil increases its specific gravity, viscosity, and acid value, but the iodine value decreases. The oil is filtered to produce a boiled oil product. Stand oil is made by heating and polymerizing raw drying oil in an air-tight environment. [Kazuo Fukuzumi] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
乾性油を加熱しながら空気を吹き込み、乾燥剤を添加して適当な粘度と乾燥性とをもつように酸化させたもの。塗料原料となる。乾性油を薄層にして大気中に放置すれば、乾燥に数日を要する。しかしこれを加工してボイル油にすれば、乾燥時間は数分の1に短縮される。原料油としてはあまに油を単独、あるいは大豆油(ゆ)などを他乾性油と混合して使用する。乾燥剤としては、鉛、コバルト、マンガンなどの酸化物、脂肪酸塩あるいは樹脂酸塩を用いる。原料乾性油を徐々に加熱して130℃になし、油中の水分を除去する。ついで温度を100℃程度に設定し、0.1~0.2%のあまに油脂肪酸マンガンなどを添加し、空気を吹き込む。吹込み時間が短い場合には色調が悪く粘度は低く、長い場合には色調は淡くなるが粘度は適切でなくなる。一般に吹込み時間は10時間程度。不飽和度の高い脂肪酸を含む油ほど色調は悪いが、吹込み空気により酸化漂白され、原料油よりも色調は淡くなる。原料乾性油の酸化により、比重、粘度、酸価は上昇するが、ヨウ素価は低くなる。濾過(ろか)してボイル油製品とする。なお、スタンド油は、原料乾性油を空気を遮断して加熱重合させたものである。 [福住一雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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