Peptone - Peptone (English spelling)

Japanese: ペプトン - ぺぷとん(英語表記)peptone
Peptone - Peptone (English spelling)

Among the partial hydrolysis products of relatively inexpensive milk casein, meat, soybean protein, etc., using acids or inexpensive proteases, etc., this refers to products with a lower molecular weight and smaller size than proteose, a polypeptide with a small molecular weight, that dissolve well in water, do not coagulate with heat, and do not precipitate when subjected to precipitation methods such as ammonium sulfate salting out. It is usually used as a dried powder. It is a mixture of relatively small peptides and amino acids. It turns reddish purple in the biuret reaction. Formerly, it meant the decomposition product of proteins by pepsin. It is further decomposed by various peptidases to become amino acids. It is used as a nitrogen source when culturing microorganisms. When treated with high-temperature acid, tryptophan may be destroyed, so tryptophan may need to be supplemented depending on the raw material. Casein pepton is low in the sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine ​​and methionine, so these are also supplemented as necessary.

[Koji Nomura]

[References] | Amino acids | Salting | Casein | Cysteine | Proteins | Tryptophan | Biuret | Pepsin | Peptide bonds | Polypeptides | Methionine

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

比較的安価な牛乳カゼイン、獣肉、ダイズタンパクなどを酸や安価なプロテアーゼなどによる部分加水分解産物中、分子量の小さいポリペプチドであるプロテオースよりも低分子で小さく、水によく溶け、熱凝固せず、硫安塩析などの沈殿法で沈殿を生じないものをいう。通常、乾燥した粉末として利用している。比較的小さなペプチドやアミノ酸の混合物である。ビウレット反応で紅紫色に呈色する。以前はタンパク質のペプシンによる分解物を意味した。種々のペプチダーゼによってさらに分解され、アミノ酸となる。微生物を培養するとき、窒素源として用いられる。高温の酸で処理した場合はトリプトファンが破壊されている可能性があるので、原料によってはトリプトファンを補充する必要がある。カゼインペプトンは含硫アミノ酸のシステインやメチオニンが少ないので、これも必要に応じて補充する。

[野村晃司]

[参照項目] | アミノ酸 | 塩析 | カゼイン | システイン | タンパク質 | トリプトファン | ビウレット | ペプシン | ペプチド結合 | ポリペプチド | メチオニン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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