A railway line between Damascus in Syria and Mecca on the Arabian Peninsula was planned by the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The purpose of the railway's construction was to facilitate the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, but it also had political and military purposes as a railway for the empire's control of the Arabian Peninsula. Plans were solidified in 1900, and construction of the Damascus-Mejina section was completed in 1908, but construction of the Medina-Mecca railway was not realized due to opposition from the people of the Arabian Peninsula and political upheaval in the empire. During World War I, Arab forces, following the advice of British officer TE Lawrence, destroyed the railway line in the Arabian Peninsula, and it was not rebuilt until 1966. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
オスマン帝国アブドゥル・ハミト2世によって計画されたシリアのダマスカスからアラビア半島のメッカ間の鉄道。鉄道建設の目的はイスラム教徒のメッカ巡礼の便宜のためと宣伝されたが,帝国のアラビア半島支配のための鉄道という政治的,軍事的な目的もあった。 1900年に計画が具体化し,08年にはダマスカス-メジナ間の建設が完了したが,アラビア半島の住民の反対と帝国の政変のため,メジナ-メッカ間の鉄道の建設は実現しなかった。第1次世界大戦の際,イギリス人将校 T.E.ロレンスの進言を受入れたアラブ軍はアラビア半島内の鉄道を破壊し,それは 66年まで再建されないままにあった。
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