Grounds for preventing personal punishment

...There are two types of exemption from punishment: necessary (for example, surrendering before a riot in the case of preparing for rebellion (Article 80 of the Penal Code)) and optional (for example, excessive self-defense - Article 36, paragraph 2, and surrendering before the final trial of perjury - Article 170 of the Penal Code). Exemption from punishment is distinguished from personal reasons that prevent the right to punish arise, in that the right to punish arises. Personal reasons that prevent the right to punish refer to cases in which a crime is established but punishment is not imposed because personal reasons prevent the right to punish (for example, theft by a relative - Article 244). ...

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "grounds for precluding personal punishment" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…刑の免除の事由には，必要的なもの(たとえば内乱予備罪における暴動前の自首(刑法80条))と任意的なもの(たとえば過剰防衛――36条2項，偽証罪における裁判確定前の自首――刑法170条)とがある。刑の免除は，刑罰権は発生している点で，一身的処罰阻却事由と区別される。一身的処罰阻却事由とは，犯罪が成立するにもかかわらず，一身的な事由によって刑罰権の発生が妨げられ，刑罰が加えられない場合をいう(たとえば親族相盗――244条)。…

※「一身的処罰阻却事由」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報