Bevin, Ernest

Japanese: ベビン（英語表記）Bevin, Ernest

Born: March 9, 1881, Winsford
[Died] April 14, 1951, London. British labour leader and politician. Orphaned at age eight, he worked on a farm from age 11. In 1910, he led dockworkers in Bristol, and in 1922, he organized the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU), of which he was its general secretary until 1940. During that time, he was chairman of the Trade Union Congress (TUC) in 1937. He was a Labour member of the House of Commons from 1940 to 1951, and from 1940 to 1945, he was Minister of Labour in Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill's wartime cabinet, where he oversaw the allocation of personnel to the military and the munitions industry. From 1945 to 1951, he served as Foreign Secretary in Clement Richard Attlee's cabinet, promoting pro-American and anti-Soviet policies. He worked hard to conclude the Five Power Treaty (the Treaty of Brussels) in 1948, establish the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), and found the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949, but resigned due to ill health in 1951 and became Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1881.3.9. ウィンズフォード
[没]1951.4.14. ロンドン
イギリスの労働運動指導者，政治家。8歳で孤児となり，11歳から農場で働いた。1910年ブリストルの港湾運輸労働者を指導し，1922年運輸一般労働組合 TGWUを組織，1940年までその書記長，その間，1937年労働組合会議 TUC議長。1940～51年労働党下院議員となり，1940～45年ウィンストン・レナード・スペンサー・チャーチル戦時内閣の労働大臣として兵力，軍需産業などへの人員配置を指揮。1945～51年クレメント・リチャード・アトリー内閣の外務大臣を務め，親米反ソ政策を推進。1948年西欧五ヵ国条約（ブリュッセル条約）の締結，ヨーロッパ経済協力機構 OEECの設立，1949年北大西洋条約機構 NATOの創設などに努力したが，1951年健康を害して辞任，国璽尚書となった。

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