Bennett, James Gordon

Japanese: ベネット（英語表記）Bennett, James Gordon

Born: September 1, 1795, New Mill, England
Died June 1, 1872. New York, New York, United States. American newspaper editor. He emigrated from England to America in 1819 and settled in New York. He established a school there and taught political economy, and also worked as a journalist. He was employed by various newspapers for the next ten years. He was a correspondent for the New York Inquirer and co-editor of the Morning Courier and New York Inquirer, and his articles attracted attention. In 1832, he published the Globe in New York, but it did not last long. In 1833-34, he was the editor-in-chief of the Pennsylvanian in Philadelphia and was a member of its management team. In 1835, he established a newspaper company with capital of $500, and launched the New York Herald, a four-page newspaper that cost one penny a copy. Bennett's hard work and insight made the newspaper a commercial success. He paid special attention to news gathering, and he adopted many of today's journalistic techniques. In June 1835, it was the first American newspaper to publish a financial report from Wall Street, and in December of the same year, it published a vivid and detailed report on the Great Fire of New York. In 1838, it was the first American newspaper to send a correspondent to Europe, in 1846 it obtained the full text of political speeches via telegram, and sent a total of 63 war correspondents to cover the Civil War. It also had a major impact on the American newspaper world with its innovative editing, including the publication of illustrations and the establishment of a social affairs section. (→ Journalism, Newspapers)

Bennett
Bennett, (Enoch) Arnold

Born 27 May 1867 in Hanley, Staffordshire
[Died] March 27, 1931, London British novelist. He aspired to be a lawyer but switched to journalism and became a magazine editor. He moved to Paris in 1903, married a French actress in 1907, and returned to England in 1911 to dedicate himself to writing, writing several plays and essays, as well as many novels in the realist style he learned from Flaubert and Balzac. His works include The Old Wives' Tale (1908), a masterpiece that depicts the lives of two sisters modeled on Maupassant's A Woman's Life, Anna of the Five Towns (02), the trilogy Clayhanger (10), Hilda Lessways (11), and These Twin (16), all of which are set in his hometown of the "Five Towns," the center of the pottery industry. He is one of the leading Edwardian writers.

Bennett
Bennett, Richard Bedford, Viscount Bennet

Born July 3, 1870 in Hopewell, New Brunswick
[Died] June 27, 1947. Michaelham, Surrey. Canadian politician. Prime Minister (in office 1930-35). After practicing law, he was elected to the Alberta House of Representatives in 1909 and became a member of the federal House of Representatives in 1911. He was a member of the Conservative Party and served as Minister of Justice in the short-lived A. Meen government of 1921, and as Minister of Finance in the same government of Meen in 1926. He was elected leader of the Conservative Party at the 1927 conference, and when the Conservative Party won the general election of 1930, he held the powerful position of Prime Minister, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He became the ruler of Canada during the Great Depression, and attempted to revive the economy by holding the British Imperial Economic Conference in Ottawa in 1932 and submitting a Canadian version of the New Deal to Parliament in 1935, but was unsuccessful, and he suffered a major defeat that same year and handed power to the Liberal Party. He served as leader of the Conservative Party until 1938, then retired from politics and moved to England permanently in 1939. In 1941 he was created Viscount.

Bennett
Bennett, John

[Born] Around 1576
[Dead]?
English composer. Active during the Elizabethan era. In 1599, he published "Madrigals for Four Voices," a collection of 17 pieces. He is best known for "All Things Now Joyfully Obey" (1601), included in the madrigal collection "The Triumph of Orianna," compiled in 1614.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1795.9.1. イギリス，ニューミル
[没]1872.6.1. アメリカ合衆国，ニューヨーク，ニューヨーク
アメリカ合衆国の新聞編集者。1819年イギリスからアメリカに移住し，ニューヨークに居を定めた。当地に学校を設立し政治経済学を教えるかたわら，ジャーナリストとしても働き，その後 10年間にさまざまな新聞社に雇われた。『ニューヨーク・インクワイアラー』特派員，『モーニング・クーリエ・アンド・ニューヨーク・インクワイアラー』共同編集者を務め，ベネットが執筆した記事は注目を集めた。1832年ニューヨークで『グローブ』を発行したが，長続きしなかった。1833～34年フィラデルフィアで『ペンシルバニアン』の主筆を務めるとともに，経営陣の一角を占めた。1835年に資本金 500ドルで新聞社を設立，4ページ，1部 1ペニーの『ニューヨーク・ヘラルド』を創刊した。ベネットの勤勉な働きと洞察力によって，新聞は商業的成功を収めた。ベネットはニュースの収集にとりわけ注意を払い，今日の報道手法の多くを取り入れた。1835年6月，アメリカの新聞で初めてウォール街の金融記事を，同年 12月にはニューヨーク大火の生々しく詳細な記事を掲載。1838年に初めてヨーロッパに特派員を置き，1846年に政治演説の全文を電報を使って入手，南北戦争の取材に延べ 63人の従軍記者を送り込んだほか，挿絵の掲載，社会部の創設など，斬新な編集によってアメリカ新聞界に大きな影響を与えた。（→ジャーナリズム，新聞）

ベネット
Bennett， (Enoch) Arnold

[生]1867.5.27. スタッフォードシャー，ハンリー
[没]1931.3.27. ロンドン
イギリスの小説家。法律家を志したがジャーナリズムに転じ，雑誌編集者となった。 1903年パリに渡り，07年フランス人の女優と結婚，11年帰国して創作に専念，数編の戯曲と雑文のほか，フローベールやバルザックから学んだリアリズムによる小説を多数書いた。モーパッサンの『女の一生』に範をとって2人の姉妹の生涯を描いた代表作『老妻物語』 The Old Wives' Tale (1908) をはじめ，『五つの町のアンナ』 Anna of the Five Towns (02) ，3部作『クレーハンガー』 Clayhanger (10) ，『ヒルダ・レスウェイズ』 Hilda Lessways (11) ，『この二人』 These Twin (16) など，いずれも製陶業の中心地である郷里の「五つの町」を背景としている。エドワード朝の代表的作家の一人。

ベネット
Bennett， Richard Bedford， Viscount Bennet

[生]1870.7.3. ニューブランズウィック，ホープウェル
[没]1947.6.27. サリー，マイクルハム
カナダの政治家。首相 (在任 1930～35) 。弁護士をつとめたのち，1909年アルバータ州下院に当選して政界に入り，11年連邦下院議員となった。保守党に属し，21年の短命に終った A.ミーエン内閣で法相を，同じく 26年のミーエン内閣では蔵相をつとめた。 27年保守党大会で党首に選ばれ，30年の総選挙で保守党が勝利を占めると，首相，蔵相，外相を兼ねるという強力な地位についた。大恐慌時のカナダの統治者となり，32年のオタワにおけるイギリス帝国経済会議や，35年にニューディールのカナダ版を議会に提出することで景気の回復をはかったが成功せず，同年大敗を喫して自由党に政権を譲り渡した。 38年まで保守党党首をつとめたのち政界を引退し，39年からイギリスに永住した。 41年子爵に叙せられた。