Petunia

Japanese: ペチュニア - ぺちゅにあ
Petunia

A semi-cold-tolerant annual or perennial plant of the Solanaceae family (APG classification: Solanaceae). 40 species are found in South America, Mexico, and southern North America. The Japanese name Tsukubane Asagao (crackle-winged morning glory) was given to the horticultural hybrid P. × hybrida Vilm.-Andr. The current horticultural variety originated from an interspecific hybrid between the white-flowered P. axillaris BSP and the deep purple-flowered P. violacea Lindl., both of which are native to Argentina. Since then, a wide variety of varieties have been developed. There is a large degree of variation, ranging from dwarf species with a plant height of 20 cm to tall species with a plant height of over 40 cm. The flower is funnel-shaped like that of the morning glory, with flat petals and wavy petals, and there are single and double petals. The flower diameter varies greatly from small 3cm to huge 13cm. The flower colors are diverse, ranging from single colors such as white, scarlet, blue-purple, and pale yellow, to striped blooms with a mixture of red, peach, and purple with white, star-shaped blooms, white borders, and purple or magenta net patterns on a pale background.

[Yoshiyuki Uemura July 16, 2021]

Cultivation

Seeds are sown when the cherry blossoms have finished blooming. The seeds are very small, so do not sow them too thickly and do not cover with soil. Once the cotyledons have fully opened, move them to transplant boxes spaced 3-4 cm apart. Once they have 6-7 true leaves, plant them 25-30 cm apart in flower beds, or one plant per No. 3 or 4 pot. Choose a sunny location for the flower bed with good drainage, and give them plenty of fertilizer. As they are prone to problems with continuous cropping, change the planting location every year. It is also best to avoid continuous cultivation with other Solanaceae plants.

[Yoshiyuki Uemura July 16, 2021]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ナス科(APG分類:ナス科)の半耐寒性一年草または多年草。南アメリカ、メキシコ、北アメリカ南部に40種分布する。和名のツクバネアサガオ(衝羽根朝顔)は園芸交雑種P. × hybrida Vilm.-Andr.につけられたもの。現在の園芸品種はアルゼンチン産で白花のアクシッラリスP. axillaris B.S.P.と濃紫色花のビオラケアP. violacea Lindl.との種間雑種を育成したのに始まる。以来、多彩な品種が育成された。変異が大きく、草丈20センチメートルの矮性(わいせい)種から40センチメートルを超す高性(こうせい)種まである。花形はアサガオに似た漏斗(ろうと)形で、花弁の縁(へり)が平らな平弁と、波打つ波状弁とがあり、一重のほかに八重咲きもある。花径は3センチメートルの小輪から13センチメートルの巨大輪まで変化が大きい。花色は白、緋赤(ひせき)、青紫、淡黄などの単色と、赤・桃・紫に白が混じる絞り咲き、星模様の星咲き、白覆輪、淡色地に紫や紫紅色の網目模様の入るものなどがあり、多彩である。

[植村猶行 2021年7月16日]

栽培

種子はサクラの花の終わるころに播(ま)く。種子はごく小さいもので、厚播きにならないようにし、覆土はしない。双葉が完全に開いたら3~4センチメートル間隔で移植箱に移す。本葉が6、7枚になったら、花壇なら25~30センチメートル間隔に、鉢なら3、4号鉢に1株ずつ定植する。花壇は日当りと水はけのよい場所を選び、肥料は十分に与える。連作障害が出やすいので、毎年植え場所をかえる。また他のナス科植物との連作も避けたほうがよい。

[植村猶行 2021年7月16日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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