publica fides (English spelling) publicafides

…Notaries are appointed by the Minister of Justice from among those who have passed a certain examination and undergone practical training, and from among those who hold the qualifications of judge, prosecutor, or lawyer. However, the required examination is not actually implemented, and the latter are the main candidates. Although notaries are experienced and safe, they are criticized for being older on average and lacking in vitality. [Hiroshi Mihori]
[European Society]
Notaries, who prepare documents for legal acts such as contracts between people (or corporations), wills, and gifts, and give them publica fides, are thought to have been established in northern Italy around the 10th century under the influence of Lombard law and Roman law, and to have established their status as free professionals with the revival of Roman jurisprudence (the establishment of medieval Roman jurisprudence) centered in Bologna in the 11th century. They appeared in southern France in the 12th century.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "publica fides" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…公証人は，一定の試験に合格し実地修習を経た者，および裁判官，検察官，弁護士の資格をもつ者の中から法務大臣が任命する建前であるが，法定の試験が事実上実施されず，後者が中心であるため，老練かつ安全ではあるが，平均年齢が高く清新潑剌（はつらつ）さを欠くとの批判がある。【三堀 博】
［ヨーロッパ社会］
　人と人(あるいは法人相互)の契約，または遺言，贈与などの法的行為を文書に作成し，公証publica fidesを与える公証人は，10世紀ごろ北イタリアにおいてランゴバルド法とローマ法の影響下に成立し，11世紀のボローニャを中心とするローマ法学の復興(中世ローマ法学の成立)と共に自由な職業人としての地位を確立したと考えられている。12世紀には南フランスに出現した。…

※「publica fides」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報