Casaba (city) - Casaba

Japanese: カサバ(都市) - かさば
Casaba (city) - Casaba

…(5) Palace (qaṣr, sarāy): The basic unit was a courtyard with a pond or fountain in the center, with public and private rooms arranged around it. There were many examples of this being combined in various ways. (6) Fortress (qaṣaba, qal'a): The early type followed the style of the ancient Roman frontier forts. In general, it was surrounded by walls and moats reinforced with strong towers, with towers on both sides of the gate and machicolations. …

From [Kasba]

In Arabic, the term kasaba refers to the area of ​​a country or city, and from there it came to mean a fortress where troops are stationed, or a regional center with a fortress. In the Maghreb countries, it is pronounced kasba and is used in three different senses:

From [City]

...After the 7th century, the Muslims unified the Oriental world through great conquests, and inherited the heritage of these ancient cities to build their own urban civilization.
[The formation of Islamic cities]
Medieval Arab geographers defined a regional capital as a qaṣaba and other smaller cities as madina. However, in general, any city that is the economic and cultural center of a village, regardless of its size, is called madina or miṣr in the Arab world, and shahr in Iran and Turkey.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Kasaba (city)" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…(5)宮殿(カスルqaṣr,サライsarāy) 中央に池や噴水などを設けた中庭の周囲に公私の居室を配置したものを基本的単位として,これを多様に組み合わせた例が多い。(6)城砦(カサバqaṣaba,カルアqal‘a) 初期のタイプは,古代ローマの辺境の砦の形式を踏襲している。一般に,強固な塔で補強した城壁や堀を周囲に巡らせ,城門の両側に塔を設けてはね出し狭間(はざま)(マチコレーション)などを設けた。…

【カスバ】より

…アラビア語で国または都市の域内をカサバといい,そこから軍隊の駐留する城砦や城砦をもつ一地方の中心都市をさすようになった。マグレブ諸国ではカスバと発音し,次のような三つの意味で用いられる。…

【都市】より

…7世紀以後,大征服によってオリエント世界を統一したイスラム教徒は,これら古代都市の遺産を継承して独自の都市文明を築き上げてゆく。
[イスラム都市の形成]
 中世アラブの地理学者は,一地方の中心都市をカサバqaṣaba,それ以外の中小都市をマディーナmad‐īnaと定義する。しかし一般には規模の大小にかかわりなく,むらに対して経済・文化のかなめとなる都市を,アラブ世界ではマディーナあるいはミスルmiṣrといい,イランやトルコではシャフルshahrと呼ぶ。…

※「カサバ(都市)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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