Parallel imports - Heikouyu

Japanese: 並行輸入 - へいこうゆにゅう
Parallel imports - Heikouyu
A trader other than the sole importer purchases and imports brand-name goods and other items from the distribution market of the destination country. Sole importers are often the trademark users of brand-name goods and other imported goods, and in the past, they often filed a request to the customs office to prohibit imports, because parallel imports were considered a violation of trademark rights under the Customs Tariff Act. After the revaluation of the yen due to the Smithsonian Accord (Smithsonian System) in 1971, in order to reflect the actual exchange rate on these monopoly imported goods, from October 1972, Japanese traders who were not related to the foreign right holder (trademark holder) were able to import goods into Japan from import agents or importers in third countries if the goods were genuine goods legally sold abroad. Due to the appreciation of the yen after the Plaza Accord in 1985, parallel imports spread rapidly, and most large retailers such as department stores and mass retailers, as well as small import stores, began to handle them. Parallel imports are common in products such as Western liquor, processed foods, automobiles, ties, and shoes.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
輸入総代理店以外の業者がブランド品などを相手国の流通市場で仕入れ輸入すること。輸入総代理店はブランド品などの輸入品につき,商標使用権者となっている場合が多く,かつては関税定率法により並行輸入は商標権の侵害として,税関に対し輸入禁止請求を申し立てる例が多かった。 1971年の〈スミソニアン合意〉(スミソニアン体制)による円切上げ後,為替レートの実勢をそれら独占輸入商品にも反映させるため,1972年10月より外国権利者(商標権者)と無関係な日本の業者でも,その商品が外国で適法に販売された真正商品であれば,第三国の輸入代理店あるいは輸入業者から日本へ輸入できるようになった。 1985年の〈プラザ合意〉以後の円高により並行輸入は急速に浸透し,百貨店,量販店などの大規模小売店の大半および小規模な輸入品店でも取り扱うようになった。洋酒,加工食品,自動車,ネクタイ,靴などの商品に,この並行輸入品が多い。

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