A powerful Indian school of thought that specializes in Sanskrit grammar and linguistic philosophy. In Sanskrit it is called Vaiyākaraṇa. Grammar has long been emphasized in India as a branch of hermeneutics of the Vedic scriptures, and was established as one of the six Vedic auxiliary sciences (Bedānga). The pioneer of etymology as a study of the Vedic scriptures was Yaska, who appeared around 500 BCE and wrote the Nirukta. The oldest surviving grammar book is the Ashtādhyāyī (also known as the Pānini-sūtra) by Pānini, who was active in the 5th to 4th centuries BCE. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
サンスクリットの文法学と言語哲学を事としたインドの有力な一学派。サンスクリットでバイヤーカラナVaiyākaraṇaと呼ばれる。インドでは古くからベーダ聖典の解釈学の一部門として文法学が重視され,六つのベーダ補助学(ベーダーンガ)の一つとして確立された。ベーダ聖典研究としての語源学の先駆者としては前500年ころにヤースカが現れて《ニルクタ》を著した。現存する最古の文法学書は前5~前4世紀に活躍したパーニニの《アシュターディヤーイー》(別名《パーニニ・スートラ》)である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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