Bauer, Otto

Japanese: バウアー（英語表記）Bauer， Otto

Born: September 5, 1882 in Vienna
Died July 4, 1938. Leading theorist of the Austrian Social Democratic Party in Paris. Together with F. Adler, he founded the magazine Der Kampf and collaborated with K. Kautsky's Die Neue Zeit. In 1904, he became secretary of the Social Democratic Labor Party's parliamentary group. In 1907, he became editor-in-chief of the Arbeiter Zeitung. He was captured by the Russian army during World War I and studied Bolshevism. After returning to Austria in 1917, he became a leader of the left wing of the party. From 1918 to 1919, he served as foreign minister and worked to realize the unification of Germany and Austria. In 1919, he signed a secret document of union with German Foreign Minister B. Ranzau. Later, together with M. Adler, he became a leader of Marxism and worked to unify the labor front from a mediating position against the division between Communism and Social Democracy. In 1929, he became a member of the National Assembly, but after the failure of the Vienna Uprising in 1934, he went into exile and led the party from Czechoslovakia and France.

Bauer
Bauer, Bruno

Born: September 6, 1809, Eisenberg
Died April 13, 1882. German theologian, philosopher, and historian born near Berlin. A disciple of Hegel, he switched from a right-wing Hegelian sect to a left-wing sect and adopted an extreme atheistic stance. He became a professor at the University of Bonn in 1839, but was expelled from the university in 1842 for his radical criticism of the Bible. His main works were Kritik der evangelischen Geschichte des Johannes (1840) and Kritik der evangelischen Geschichte der Synoptiker (1841-42).

Bauer
Bauer, Walter

[Born] 1877
[Died] 1960
German Protestant theologian. After serving as an assistant professor at the universities of Breslau and Göttingen, he became a professor at the University of Göttingen in 1919. He contributed greatly to research into the Greek language of the New Testament. His major works include Das Johannesevangelium (1912) and Das Briefe des Ignatius von Antioch und der Polykarpbriefe (20).

Bauer
Bauer, Wolfgang

Born March 18, 1941. A playwright from Graz, Austria. Combining avant-garde techniques such as happenings and improvisation with traditional folk theater dramaturgy, he portrays the profound disconnection and confusion of modern society. His representative works include Magic Afternoon (1968) and Change (69).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1882.9.5. ウィーン
[没]1938.7.4. パリ
オーストリア社会民主党の指導的理論家。 F.アードラーとともに『デア・カンプ』誌を創刊し，K.カウツキーの『ディ・ノイエ・ツァイト』誌に協力。 1904年社会民主労働党国会議員団書記。 07年『アルバイター・ツァィトゥング』紙の主筆。第1次世界大戦中にロシア軍の捕虜となり，ボルシェビズムを学び，17年帰国後は党左派の指導者となった。 18～19年外相となり，ドイツとオーストリア合邦の実現に努め，19年ドイツの B.ランツァウ外相と秘密の合併書に調印した。その後 M.アードラーとともにマルクス主義の指導者となり，共産主義と社会民主主義の分裂に対し調停的立場から労働戦線の統一に努めた。 29年国民議会議員となったが，34年ウィーン蜂起失敗後，亡命してチェコスロバキア，フランスから党を指導した。

バウアー
Bauer， Bruno

[生]1809.9.6. アイゼンベルク
[没]1882.4.13. ベルリン近郊
ドイツの神学者，哲学者，歴史家。ヘーゲルの弟子。ヘーゲル右派から，のち左派に転じ，極端な無神論の立場を取った。 1839年ボン大学教授となったが，42年過激な聖書批判のため同大学を追われた。主著『ヨハネ福音史批判』 Kritik der evangelischen Geschichte des Johannes (1840) ，『共観福音書著者の福音史批判』 Kritik der evangelischen Geschichte der Synoptiker (41～42) 。

バウアー
Bauer， Walter

[生]1877
[没]1960
ドイツのプロテスタント神学者。ブレスラウ，ゲッティンゲンの各大学助教授を経て，1919年ゲッティンゲン大学の教授に就任。新約聖書のギリシア語研究に貢献した。主著『ヨハネによる福音書』 Das Johannesevangelium (1912) ，『アンチオキアのイグナチウスの書簡とポリュカルポスの書簡』 Das Briefe des Ignatius von Antiochia und der Polykarpbriefe (20) 。