Clear view - Chokan

A monk of the Huayan sect in the Tang dynasty of China. Born in San'in, Yuezhou, Zhejiang Province. Considered the fourth patriarch of the Chinese Huayan sect, he was called Master Qingliang. His secular surname was Xiahou. He became a monk at the age of 11 and studied the Huayan teachings that were passed down from Fazo to Huiyuan (673?-743?) to Faxian (718-778), but he considered Huiyuan's teachings to be heretical. He studied under such prominent scholars of the time as Genpeki, Tannen, Donitsu (692-771), Ichu (705-782), Dokin (715-793), and Eun, and integrated the Vatican, Sanron, Tendai, and Southern and Northern Zen sects into the Huayan sect. In 776 (Tairi 11), he is said to have seen the two statues of Manjusri and Fugen at Mount Wutai and Mount Emei, and established the Huayan faith based on the idea of ​​the three saints in harmony, with Vairocana Buddha at its center. He lived at the Great Huayan Temple on Mount Wutai and wrote the 60-volume "Hegaon Sutra Commentary," which is a commentary on the 80 volumes of the "Hegaon Sutra," and the 90-volume "Hegaon Suiso Engisho," which is a commentary on the commentary. These two great works are considered to be as authoritative as Fatso's 20-volume "Hegaon Sutra Tangenki."

[Rouen Ikeda March 21, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、唐代の華厳(けごん)宗の僧。浙江(せっこう)省越州山陰に生まれる。中国華厳宗第四祖とされ、清涼大師と称する。俗姓は夏侯(かこう)氏。11歳で出家し、法蔵(ほうぞう)―慧苑(えおん)（673？―743？）―法詵(ほうせん)（718―778）と継承する華厳教学を学んだが、慧苑の教学を異端と判じた。玄壁(げんぺき)、湛然(たんねん)、曇一(どんいつ)（692―771）、惟忠(いちゅう)（705―782）、道欽(どうきん)（715―793）、慧雲(えうん)など、当時の傑出した学僧に学び、律宗、三論宗、天台宗、南北禅宗をも華厳宗のなかに総合化した。776年（太暦11）に、五台山と峨眉山(がびさん)で文殊菩薩(もんじゅぼさつ)と普賢(ふげん)菩薩の2像を感見し、毘盧遮那仏(びるしゃなぶつ)を中心とする三聖円融観の華厳信仰を確立したといわれる。五台山の大華厳寺に住し、『華厳経』80巻を注釈した『華厳経疏(しょ)』60巻と、この疏を注釈した『華厳経随疏演義鈔(えんぎしょう)』90巻を著した。この二大著には、法蔵の『華厳経探玄記(たんげんき)』20巻と並ぶ権威が与えられている。

［池田魯參　2017年3月21日］

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