Literary world

A literary magazine. (1) Published from January 1893 (Meiji 26) to January 1898, a total of 58 issues. It was published by Jogaku Zasshi Sha for the first four issues, and then Bungakukai Zasshi Sha after that. Its main contributors were Hoshino Tenchi, Hirata Tokuboku, Shimazaki Toson, Kitamura Tokoku, Togawa Shukotsu, Baba Kocho, and Ueda Bin. It was published mainly by young contributors to Jogaku Zasshi, which stood for Christian reformism, and eventually became independent from Jogaku Zasshi Sha, and moved away from its Enlightenment stance, strengthening its tendency toward selfish, anti-worldly romanticism. It became a base for early romanticism, in contrast to Myojo, which represented late romanticism. The early period was marked by Tokoku's metaphysical critiques, the middle period by the novels of Higuchi Ichiyo, who was a guest writer, and the art-first critiques of Bin and Tobuki, and the later period by Toson's lyric poetry. (2) October 1933 (Showa 8) to April 1944. 119 volumes in total. It was first published by Bunka Koronsha, then Bunpo-do and Bungeishunjusha. It was launched during the so-called literary revival period with Kobayashi Hideo, Hayashi Fusao, Takeda Rintaro, Kawabata Yasunari, Fukada Kyuya, Hirotsu Kazuo, and Uno Koji as its editors. Later, the number of editors expanded to include Kobayashi and Kawakami Tetsutaro, and it became a major force in the literary world in the 1930s and 1940s. It published controversial works such as Abe Tomoji's Fuyu no Yado (Winter Inn), Hojo Tamio's Inochi no Utsuyo (First Night of Life), Kobayashi Hideo's Dostoevsky no Seikatsu (The Life of Dostoevsky), and Nakamura Mitsuo's Futabatei Shimei-ron (The Theory of the Four Mei of Futabatei). Towards the end of its run, it took on a wartime tone with a special feature on "Overcoming Modernity." In June 1947, it was republished by Hayashi Fusao and others under the name Bungeikaisha, and released a total of 18 volumes. (3) From March 1949 onwards. Published by Bungeishunju Shinsha (later Bungeishunju). As one of the leading literary magazines of the modern era, it has produced many masterpieces and new writers.

[Katsumi Togo]

"The Literary World and Its Era" by Yuichi Sasabuchi (1959, 1960, Meiji Shoin)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

文芸雑誌。(1)1893年（明治26）1月～98年1月、全58冊。発行所は4号まで女学雑誌社、以後文学界雑誌社。おもな同人は星野天知(てんち)、平田禿木(とくぼく)、島崎藤村(とうそん)、北村透谷(とうこく)、戸川秋骨(しゅうこつ)、馬場孤蝶(こちょう)、上田敏(びん)など。キリスト教的改良主義にたつ『女学雑誌』の若い寄稿家を中心に発刊され、やがて女学雑誌社から独立するとともに啓蒙(けいもう)主義的立場から脱し、主我的で反俗的な浪漫(ろうまん)主義の傾向を強めていった。後期浪漫主義を代表する『明星』に対して前期浪漫主義の拠点となった。初期は透谷の形而上(けいじじょう)的な評論、中期は客員格であった樋口(ひぐち)一葉の小説や、敏、禿木らの芸術至上主義的評論、後期は藤村の叙情詩によって代表される。(2)1933年（昭和8）10月～44年4月。全119冊。発行所は初め文化公論社、ついで文圃(ぶんぽ)堂、文芸春秋社と移った。いわゆる文芸復興期の機運のなかで小林秀雄、林房雄、武田麟太郎(りんたろう)、川端康成(やすなり)、深田久弥(きゅうや)、広津和郎(かずお)、宇野浩二を編集同人として創刊。のち小林と河上徹太郎を中心に同人を拡大して昭和10年代文壇の一大勢力となった。阿部知二(あべともじ)『冬の宿』、北条民雄『いのちの初夜』、小林秀雄『ドストエフスキイの生活』、中村光夫『二葉亭四迷論』など問題作が掲載されたが、末期には「近代の超克」を特集するなど戦時色を濃くした。1947年（昭和22）6月、林房雄らによって文学界社刊として復刊され、全18冊を出した。(3)1949年3月～。文芸春秋新社（のち文芸春秋）発行。現代を代表する文芸雑誌として多くの名作や新人を生み出している。

［東郷克美］

『笹淵友一著『「文学界」とその時代』上下（1959、60・明治書院）』

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