A free rider is someone who enjoys the benefits of a good (or service) without paying for it. In the case of ordinary private goods, the supplier of the good has an easy way to refuse to deliver the good to those who do not pay for it. Therefore, consumers end up paying for the good as long as the benefits of the good are greater than the costs. However, in the case of public goods, such as radio broadcasting, national defense, and city streets, it is very expensive or nearly impossible to exclude non-payers from enjoying the benefits of the good (application of the exclusion principle). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
直訳すれば〈ただ乗り〉になるように,ある財(あるいはサービス)の対価を支払うことなく,便益のみを享受する人のことをいう。通常の〈私的財〉の場合,財の供給者側に,対価の非支払者に財の引渡しを拒否する容易な手段がある。したがって消費者は,財の便益がコストより大きい限り必ず対価を支払う結果となる。しかし〈公共財〉,たとえばラジオ放送,国防,市街路等の場合,対価の非支払者をその財の便益享受から排除すること(排除原則の適用)は非常に高価につくか,不可能に近い。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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