German painter. Born in Greifswald on September 5th, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen from 1794 to 1798. He then settled in Dresden, the center of German Romanticism, where he formed comradeship with painter Otto Runge, poets Novalis and Tieck, Norwegian painter Johan Christian Dahl, and doctor and painter Carl Gustav Caruth. In 1807, he switched from woodblocks and drawings (sepia paintings) to oil painting, and established his own unique style with his painting "Crucifixion on the Mountain" (Dresden Picture Gallery), which combined landscapes with Romantic religious sentiment. From 1824 onwards, he served as a professor at the Dresden Art Academy. He is said to be the "discoverer of tragedy in landscapes," and is considered the greatest landscape painter of German Romanticism, painting views of the desolate fields, forests, ruins, and fjords of northern Germany with emotions such as nostalgia, longing, and sadness. He died in Dresden on May 7, 1940. His representative works include "A Monk on the Seaside" (Berlin State Museum, Charlottenburg Palace), "Watzmann Mountain" (Dresden Picture Gallery), and "The Wreck of the Hope" (Hamburg Art Museum). [Taro Nomura] 1825-1830 Oil painting, Metropolitan Museum of Art Friedrich "Two Men Gazing at the Moon" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの画家。9月5日グライフスワルトに生まれ、1794~98年コペンハーゲンの美術学校に学ぶ。以後ドイツ・ロマン派の拠点ドレスデンに定住して、画家オットー・ルンゲ、詩人ノバーリス、ティーク、ノルウェーの画家ヨハン・クリスティアン・ダール、医者で画家のカール・グスタフ・カールースらと同志的な交わりを結ぶ。1807年木版および素描(セピア画)から油彩に転じ、風景とロマン派的な宗教感情を融合した『山の十字架』(ドレスデン絵画館)を描いて独得の画風を確立する。24年以後はドレスデン美術学校教授を務めた。彼は「風景における悲劇の発見者」といわれ、主として北ドイツの荒涼とした原野や森や廃墟(はいきょ)やフィヨルドの眺望を、旅愁、憧憬(しょうけい)、悲哀などの情感を込めて描き、ドイツ・ロマン派最大の風景画家とされる。40年5月7日ドレスデンで死去。代表作に『海辺の僧侶』(ベルリン国立美術館シャルロッテンブルク宮殿)、『ウァッツマン山』(ドレスデン絵画館)、『希望号の難破』(ハンブルク美術館)などがある。 [野村太郎] 1825~1830年ころ 油彩メトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> フリードリヒ『月を眺める二人の男』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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