A type of ordinary property tax, it is levied as a supplement to the income tax. Unlike the temporary property tax, it is levied annually, but the tax rate is low, and usually there is no need to dispose of property to pay this tax, and it is paid from income. Since income is only levied when income is generated, land and houses used for personal use are not taxed, and there are cases where they are exempt from taxation due to imperfections in the tax administration of income tax. In addition, if the progressive tax rate of income tax is increased for the purpose of redistribution, undesirable effects may occur, such as discouraging motivation to work and save, but the wealth tax is levied to compensate for such imperfections and defects of the income tax. In Japan, it was established in 1950 (Showa 25) following the Shoup recommendation, and the highest income tax rate was lowered from 85% to 55% accordingly. However, due to strong opposition from taxpayers and the difficulty of assessing property values, it was abolished in 1977. [Masatoshi Hayashi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
経常財産税の一種であり、所得税の補完税として賦課徴収される税。臨時財産税とは異なり毎年課税されるが、税率も低く、普通はこの税の支払いのために、財産を処分する必要はなく、所得から支払われる。所得税は所得が生じて初めて課されるから自家用の土地や家屋などは課税されなかったり、所得税の税務行政上の不完全さのゆえに課税を免れる場合が生じうる。また、再分配の目的で所得税の累進税率を高くすると、勤労意欲や貯蓄意欲を損なったりして望ましからぬ効果が生じうるが、富裕税は、このような所得税の不完全性や欠陥を補完するために課されるものである。わが国では、シャウプ勧告に従い1950年度(昭和25)に創設され、これに応じて、所得税の最高税率が85%から55%に引き下げられた。しかし、納税者の反対が強く、また財産価値の評価の困難さのゆえに、52年度限りで廃止された。 [林 正寿] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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