A large port city in northwestern Israel facing the Mediterranean Sea. It is also the administrative center of the Haifa region, located from the foot of Mount Carmel to the southern end of the Bay of Accor. It was first mentioned in the Talmud, and in Byzantine times it was called Sikaminos. It was an important military base during the Crusades, but was destroyed by Saladin of Egypt in 1191. It was occupied by Napoleon in 1799 and by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt in 1839. When Israel was founded in 1948, it became the site of fierce battles between the city and Arab forces. It is one of Israel's major ports, handling most of the country's imports and exports, and is also a naval base. The city stretches from the narrow coastal plain to the mountain slope and up Mount Carmel, with commercial districts around the quays and government offices, schools, museums, etc. in the lowlands. New residential areas can be found on the highlands, and a Greek cathedral with a golden dome and Persian gardens can be found on the slopes of Mount Carmel. The city is home to the headquarters of the Bahai Faith and many other facilities related to the faith, and in 2008 was registered as a World Heritage Site as part of the "Bahai Holy Sites in Haifa and Western Galilee (→Acqor)". The city's main industries are steelmaking, food processing, shipbuilding, chemicals, textiles, and cement, but it also refines oil delivered by pipeline from Elat. Population: 267,000 (2006 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イスラエル北西部,地中海に臨む大港湾都市。ハイファ地方の行政中心都市でもあり,カルメル山麓からアコー湾の南端までに位置する。タルムードのなかに最初に記述され,ビザンチン時代にはシカミノスと呼ばれた。十字軍遠征当時は重要な軍事基地であったが,1191年エジプトのサラディンに破壊された。1799年ナポレオンに,1839年エジプトのイブラヒム・パシャに占領された。1948年のイスラエル建国のときには,アラブ軍との間の激しい戦場となった。イスラエル屈指の主要港で,国の輸出入の大半を扱い,海軍基地でもある。市街は狭い海岸平野から山腹斜面,さらにカルメル山上にかけて広がり,波止場の周辺には商業地区,低地には行政諸官庁,学校,博物館などがある。高地には新しい住宅街,カルメル山の斜面には金色のドームをもつギリシア聖堂,ペルシア風庭園などがある。バハーイ教の本部をはじめ教団関連施設も多く,2008年「ハイファおよび西ガリラヤ地方(→アコー)のバハーイ教聖地群」として世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。おもな工業は,製鋼,食品加工,造船,化学,繊維,セメントなどであるが,エーラトからパイプラインで送られてくる石油の精製も行なわれている。人口 26万7000 (2006推計) 。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
...A project to detect the existence of intellige...
…[Yoshiharu Iijima]. … *Some of the terminology t...
〘Noun〙 The name of the classification of rhymes us...
A large basin in the center of Hokkaido. It is bo...
1. Someone who has grown up and become an adult. A...
…Primary delusions are further divided into delus...
A basin in the northeastern part of Okayama Prefe...
...There are settlements on the lower terraces or...
…In Japan, a unique technology has been developed...
?‐695 An evil monk from the time of Empress Wu Zet...
…In the case of poetry, it is often translated as...
1819‐91 Ottoman politician and man of letters. The...
〘 noun 〙 Practical training based on actual condit...
It is a specific language form used by a speaker ...
This ancient fortress was located in Tagajo City, ...