jajmani (English spelling)

Japanese: jajmānī(英語表記)jajmani
jajmani (English spelling)

…Villagers live together almost entirely by caste, with the best land reserved for the upper castes and the outskirts of the village reserved for the untouchable castes. Sociologist Weiser called this division of labor between castes within a village the jajmani system. Jajmani is a derivative of the word jajman, meaning "customer" or "client," and refers to the rights that a family belonging to a particular caste (such as a potter or blacksmith) has over a family that has been a client for generations. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "jajmānī" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…村人はほぼカーストごとにまとまって住み,最良の地は上層の諸カースト,村の周縁部は不可触民の諸カーストの居住区となっている。こうした村落の内部におけるカースト間の分業関係を,社会学者のワイザーはジャジマーニーjajmānī制度と呼んだ。ジャジマーニーとは〈顧客〉〈得意先〉を意味するジャジマーンからの派生語で,特定のカーストに属する家(たとえば陶工や鍛冶などの家)が,先祖代々の得意先である家に対してもつ権利を意味する。…

※「jajmānī」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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