Funai

Japanese: 府内 - ふない

A castle town formed in the center of present-day Oita City, it was the largest city in Bungo Province at the time. In ancient times, the area was the location of the Bungo provincial government office, and in the Middle Ages, it was called Fuchu. During the Sengoku period, it flourished as the castle town of the Otomo clan, and in the mid-16th century, it was also the center of Christian missionary work in Bungo. It is from this time that the name Funai begins to appear in historical documents. In 1595, an earthquake and tsunami caused Funai's outer port, Okihama, to sink into the sea, and this disaster was later passed down as the legend of the sinking island of Uryujima. The castle town of the early modern period began in 1597, when Fukuhara Naotaka began construction of Funai Castle. In 1601, Takenaka Shigetoshi renovated the castle, and the following year, construction of a new castle town began. In 1656, Matsudaira (Ogyu) Tadaaki entered the area with a fief of 22,000 koku in Oita County, and it was the castle town of the Funai Domain of his clan until the end of the Edo period. The castle town was surrounded by an outer moat with three entrances, and there were more than 40 towns within the gates and several more outside the gates. The more than 40 towns within the gates were divided into five town groups: Funai, Matsusue, Dojiji, Kasawa, and Senjudo, and were managed by a Soshukuro (chief retainer) who oversaw all the towns within the gates, one Sokanin (chief advisor) who was in charge of each, and four Shoya (chiefs of Kasawa-cho and Dojiji-cho) who were assigned to each town group. These four Shoya were called the Four Shoya of Funai. The population in 1712 was 5,591. Famous for their business activities were Morita Sanyanosuke, who appears in Saikaku's "Nihon Eitaigura," and Nakaya Soetsu, who had stores in Kyoto, Osaka, and Sakai and was known as the richest man in the Western Sea. After the Meiji Restoration, the Oita Prefectural Office was established in 1872, and in 1875 it became Oita Town. In 1911, the city was ordained.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

現在の大分市中心部に形成された城下町で，当時の豊後国最大の都市。一帯は古代には豊後国府が所在し，中世には府中とよばれた。戦国期には大友氏の城下として栄え，16世紀半ばには豊後におけるキリスト教布教の中心地でもあった。このころからは府内という名称も史料に見え始める。1595年の地震・津波で府内の外港沖浜(おきのはま)が海中に没したが，この災害は後に瓜生島(うりゅうじま)沈島伝説として語り継がれた。近世の城下町は1597年福原直高が府内城の建設に着手したことに始まる。1601年には竹中重利が城を改修し，翌年には新城下の建設に取りかかっている。1656年松平（大給(おぎゅう)）忠昭が大分郡内２万2000石を領して入部，以後幕末まで同氏府内藩の城下町であった。城下は町屋を外堀で囲んで３口を設け，門内に40余町，門外にも数町があった。門内40余町は府内・松末(まつすえ)・同慈寺(どうじじ)・笠和(かさわ)・千手堂(せんじゅどう)の五つの町組に分かれ，門内全町を統轄する惣宿老と補佐役の惣肝煎各１名と，町組ごとに置かれた４人の庄屋（笠和町・同慈寺町は兼帯）が差配，この４人の庄屋は府内四庄屋とよばれた。1712年の人口は5591人。商業活動では西鶴の《日本永代蔵》に登場する守田三弥之助や，京・大坂・堺に出店を持ち，西海第一の富豪とうたわれた中屋宗悦などが著名。明治維新後の1872年に大分県庁が置かれ，1875年には大分町となる。1911年市制施行。
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