Also known as imprinting. A special form of learning that occurs rapidly during a specific period of life, seen in some birds and mammals. K. Lorenz discovered it and clarified its significance. For example, geese recognize any moving object they encounter immediately after hatching as their parent. The period during which imprinting occurs (sensitive period) is very limited, and once this period has passed, learning ability declines sharply. Once imprinting is established, it is highly persistent and cannot be undone. It also affects sexual orientation in adulthood. → Related article Lorentz Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
インプリンティング,刻印づけとも。鳥類および哺乳類の一部にみられる,生涯の特定時期に急速に行われる特殊な形の学習。K.ローレンツが発見し,その意義を明らかにした。たとえばガンは孵化(ふか)した直後に出合った動くものを自分の親と認識する。刷込みがなされる時期(感受期)はごく限られており,その時期を過ぎると学習能力は急に低下する。一度成立した刷込みは持続性が高く,やり直しがきかない。また,成体になってからの性行動の対象にも影響を与える。 →関連項目ローレンツ 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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