Grape - Grapes

Japanese: ブドウ(葡萄) - ブドウ

A deciduous vine of the Vitaceae family. There are two types of grape: the European grape, native to Asia Minor and Central Asia, and the American grape, native to North America. The stems have tendrils that grow opposite the leaves and climb up other objects, and the leaves have shallow palmate incisions. In summer, panicles appear on new branches and small yellow-green flowers bloom. The fruit is juicy and sweet-sour, and the skin color varies depending on the variety, from pale yellow to green, purple, and black. It has a long history of cultivation, and today there are many varieties. The Japanese Koshu grape is of European origin and is grown outdoors (on trellises), but other European varieties (such as Muscat of Alexandria) are difficult to grow outdoors and are grown in greenhouses. The American Delaware and Campbell Early varieties are grown outdoors. In addition to seedless varieties, there are also varieties that have been made parthenocarpic by treating with gibberellin, and most of the grapes in Japan are the latter. The main producing countries are Italy, France, the United States, and Spain, and in Japan, Yamanashi, Nagano, and Yamagata are the most common. The fruits can be eaten raw or used to make raisins, jams, jellies, juice, and wine.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

ブドウ科の落葉つる植物。小アジア〜中央アジア原産のヨーロッパブドウと北米原産のアメリカブドウとがある。茎は葉に対生する巻きひげで他物をよじのぼり，葉は掌状に浅い切れ込みがある。夏，新枝に円錐花序を出し，黄緑色の小花を開く。果実は多汁で甘酸っぱく，果皮の色は淡黄，緑，紫，黒など品種により異なる。栽培の歴史は古く，今日では多くの品種に分化。日本の甲州ブドウはヨーロッパ系で露地（棚栽培）で作られるが，ヨーロッパ系の他の品種（マスカット・オブ・アレキサンドリアなど）は露地栽培が難しく，温室で栽培される。アメリカ系のデラウェア，キャンベル・アーリーなどは露地栽培される。また種なしブドウには無核品種のほか，ジベレリン処理により単為結果させたものがあり，日本ではほとんどが後者。主要生産国はイタリア，フランス，米国，スペインなど，日本では山梨，長野，山形などが多い。果実は生食用のほか，干しブドウ，ジャム，ゼリー，ジュース，ブドウ酒などに利用。

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