Kudaka Island

Japanese: 久高島 - くだかじま
Kudaka Island

Located 5 km east of Cape Chinen in the southern part of Okinawa's main island, this island forms the border between Nakagusuku Bay and the Pacific Ocean. It belongs to Nanjo City, Okinawa Prefecture, and has an area of ​​1.38 square kilometers. It is a long, narrow, low island with a maximum elevation of 17 meters. The entire island is formed of coastal terraces made of Ryukyu limestone. The coast facing the open ocean has a prominent fringing reef, but on the inner bay side, the branching coral communities in the shallow waters died out around 1980 due to damage caused by crown-of-thorns starfish. There are also a series of fringing reefs and platform reefs around the island, creating a beautiful coral reef landscape.

In the early modern and modern eras, the area was active in the navigation industry, but before World War II, the area expanded from the Yaeyama Islands to the South Sea Islands for bonito fishing. Currently, the area is half farming, half fishing. This area is known as the "island of the gods," and the "Izaiho" ceremony, which is held once every 12 years, is famous as an ancient ritual performed by women, but due to a lack of successors, it has not been held since 1978 (Showa 53). Along with Sefa Utaki (the central Utaki in Okinawa) on the Chinen Peninsula across the shore, it is one of Okinawa's major sacred sites. It is also known for the fact that the ancient land division system still remains. The old settlements of Kudaka and Hokama were merged to form the current Aza (Kudaka). There is a regular ferry service every day from Azama Port across the shore, and the area is bustling with people for swimming in the sea in summer. Population 268 (2009).

[Shigekazu Mezaki]

[References] | Izaiho | Chinen | Nanjō (city)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

沖縄本島南部、知念岬(ちねんみさき)の東方海上5キロメートルに位置し、中城湾(なかぐすくわん)と太平洋との区境をなす島。沖縄県南城市(なんじょうし)に属し、面積1.38平方キロメートル。最高標高17メートルの細長い低島。全島が琉球(りゅうきゅう)石灰岩からなる海岸段丘で形成されている。外洋に面した海岸は裾礁(きょしょう)からなるサンゴ礁の発達が顕著であるが、内湾側は浅海にあった枝サンゴ群集がオニヒトデの被害で1980年ごろ死滅した。また島の周辺には裾礁や台礁が連続し、美しいサンゴ礁景観を示している。

 近世、近代は航海業で活躍していたが、第二次世界大戦前にはカツオ漁で八重山(やえやま)列島から南洋諸島まで進出した。現在は半農半漁。ここは「神の島」として知られ、12年に一度行われる「イザイホー」は女子による古代祭祀(さいし)神事を残す行事として有名であるが、後継者不足のため、1978年(昭和53)以降は行われていない。対岸の知念半島にある斎場御嶽(せいふぁうたき)(沖縄における御嶽の中心的存在)とともに、沖縄の主要な聖地となっている。そのほか、古くからの地割制度がいまなお残存することでも知られる。古い集落である久高と外間(ほかま)が合併されて現在1字(あざ)(久高)を構成する。対岸の安座真(あざま)港から毎日定期船があり、夏には海水浴でもにぎわう。人口268(2009)。

[目崎茂和]

[参照項目] | イザイホー | 知念 | 南城(市)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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