Absurd - Fujori

Japanese: 不条理 - ふじょうり
Absurd - Fujori

The relationship between humans and between humans and the world is irrational. In other words, there is no necessary basis, and everything is based on chance. It is a translation of the French word absurdité, and its modern usage originated with Camus. In The Stranger (1942), he presented the modern absurd situation and the modern absurd person in the form of a novel, and furthermore in The Myth of Sisyphus (1942) he gave a philosophical and logical explanation to it ("Absurdity is an essential idea, the first truth"). And, thanks to Sartre's favorable criticism of it, the word became famous overnight.

The existence of humans after God (Nietzsche's "God is dead") is accidental, and the relationship between humans and the world is also accidental. Human life has no definite meaning, reason, or purpose. Absurd humans have no choice but to live the purposelessness of life in the midst of a complete disconnection from others - those who naively assume the meaning and inevitability of life. Absurdity was also a scathing criticism of modern society dominated by simple bourgeois values.

[Kazuhiro Adachi]

"The Stranger" by Camus, translated by Keisaku Kubota (Shincho Bunko)" "Shincho World Literature 48/49 Camus, translated by Mitsuo Nakamura, Saku Sato, Moriaki Watanabe, et al. (1968, 69, Shinchosha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

人間と人間、人間と世界との関係が条理・道理にあわないこと。つまり、必然的な根拠が不在であり、すべては偶然に基づくということである。フランス語のアプシュルディテabsurditéの訳で、この語の現代的な用法はカミュに端を発する。彼は『異邦人』(1942)において、現代の不条理の状況、現代的な不条理の人間を小説の形で提示し、さらに『シジフォスの神話』(1942)においてそれに哲学的、論理的な解明を与えた(「不条理とは本質的な観念であり、第一の真理である」)。そして、それに対するサルトルの好意的な批評などもあって、一躍有名になったことばである。

 神なきあと(ニーチェの「神は死んだ」)の人間の存在は偶然であり、人間と世界との関係も偶然である。人間の生にはなんらの確たる意味も根拠も目的もない。不条理の人間は他者たち――人生の意味や必然性を素朴に前提する人たち――との徹底した断絶のただなかで、人生の無目的性を生きざるをえない。不条理とは同時に、素朴なブルジョア的価値観に支配された現代社会に対する痛烈な批判のことばでもあった。

[足立和浩]

『カミュ著、窪田啓作訳『異邦人』(新潮文庫)』『中村光夫・佐藤朔・渡辺守章他訳『新潮世界文学48・49 カミュ』(1968、69・新潮社)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Absurd Theatre (Fujiorigeki) (French: Theatre of the Absurd)

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