Ten letters exchanged between H. McMahon, the British High Commissioner for Egypt and Sudan, and S. Hussein, the Protector of Mecca, who started the independence movement from the Ottoman Empire, between July 14, 1915 and March 30, 1916. Through these letters, an agreement was reached in which Britain would recognize Arab independence in return for Hussein's rebellion against the Ottoman Empire. This agreement was not embodied in a treaty or convention, but is generally known as the Hussein-McMahon Agreement. However, differences arose between the British and the Arabs over the geographical area in which Arab independence should be granted. On the other hand, Britain adopted contradictory policies, such as issuing the Balfour Declaration in support of the creation of Israel by the Jewish people, and concluding the Sykes-Picot Agreement, a secret treaty with France and Russia, which led to the Palestine problem after World War I. (→Partition of Palestine) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
エジプトおよびスーダンのイギリス高等弁務官 H.マクマホンとオスマン帝国からの独立運動を起したメッカの守護職 S.フサインとの間で 1915年7月 14日から 16年3月 30日の期間に取りかわされた 10通の書簡。これらの往復書簡を通じて,イギリスはフサインがオスマン帝国に反抗する代償として,アラブの独立を承認するという合意が成立した。この合意は条約や協定という形で具体化はされなかったが,一般にはフサイン=マクマホン協定と呼ばれている。しかし,アラブに独立を認める地理的範囲をめぐってイギリスとアラブのおもわくに相違が生じた。イギリスは他方でユダヤ民族によるイスラエル建国を支持するバルフォア宣言を出したり,フランスおよびロシアとの秘密条約であるサイクス=ピコ協定を締結するなど矛盾した政策をとったため,第1次世界大戦後パレスチナ問題を生んだ。 (→パレスチナ分割 )
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