…On the other hand, when there are an equal number of positive and negative free charged particles, as in gas plasma, or when there are an equal number of free electrons and holes in solid plasma, a kind of cancellation occurs between the positive and negative particles, and the refractive index approaches a constant value, although it is large at low frequencies. This type of transverse wave is called an Alfven wave. Plasma [Tatsumi Kurosawa]. … From [Magnetohydrodynamics]...In this case, the magnetic field and the liquid are strongly coupled, and the magnetic field can be considered to move along with the fluid as if frozen into it. In this case, if the density of the fluid is ρ, the Swedish Hannes Alfvén pointed out (1942) that transverse waves (Alfven waves) can exist that propagate along a magnetic field of magnetic flux density B at a speed of B, and this has been confirmed by many experiments. When the fluid is compressible, interference with sound waves occurs, and in addition to pure Alfven waves, it is known that there exist two types of anisotropic magnetosonic waves whose propagation speed differs depending on the angle between the magnetic field and the propagation direction. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Alfven waves" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方,気体プラズマのように自由な荷電粒子が正負同数ある場合,また固体プラズマでも自由な電子と正孔が同数あるときには,正負の粒子の間での一種の打消し合いが起こり,屈折率は低振動数で大きくはあるが一定値に近づく。この種の横波はアルフェン波と呼ばれる。プラズマ【黒沢 達美】。… 【電磁流体力学】より…このときは磁場と液体の結合が大きく,磁場は流体に凍りついたようにこれとともに運動するとみなすことができる。このとき流体の密度をρとすると,磁束密度Bの磁場に沿って,の速度で伝搬する横波(アルフェン波)の存在しうることがスウェーデンのアルフェンHannes Alfvénによって指摘され(1942),多くの実験によって確認されている。流体が圧縮性をもつときは音波との干渉が生じ,純アルフェン波のほかに磁場と伝搬方向のなす角によって伝搬速度の異なる異方性の2種の磁気音波の存在することが知られている。… ※「アルフェン波」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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