A large simple pendulum used to prove the rotation of the Earth. The direction of oscillation of a pendulum is constant in space, so when viewed from the rotating Earth, the plane of oscillation appears to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation (clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere) (when viewed from a rotating coordinate system fixed to the Earth, it is thought that the Coriolis force acts on the pendulum, causing it to change its direction of oscillation). The angular velocity of rotation of the plane of oscillation is ω sin Φ (ω is the angular velocity of the Earth's rotation, Φ is the latitude of the observation point), and it rotates exactly one time in 1/sin Φ days. In practice, to keep the pendulum oscillating for a long time, a heavy weight is hung from a wire more than 10 meters long. Foucault first used it to prove the rotation of the Earth in 1851. → Related items Pendulum Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
地球の自転の証明に用いる大型の単振子。振子の振動方向は空間に一定しているため,自転する地球から見ると,振動面は自転と反対の方向(北半球では時計回り)に回転するように見える(地球に固定した回転座標系から見れば,振子にコリオリの力が働いて振動方向を変えさせると考えられる)。振動面の回転の角速度はω sin Φ(ωは地球の自転の角速度,Φは観測地点の緯度)で,1/sin Φ日でちょうど1回転する。実際には振子の振動を長く続けるため,重いおもりを10m以上の長い針金でつる。1851年にフーコーが初めて地球自転の証明に使った。 →関連項目振子 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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