A type of enzyme that breaks down sugar. It hydrolyzes β-galactosides to produce galactose. A typical example is lactase, which breaks down lactose (milk sugar) into galactose and glucose. It is found in many organisms. In Escherichia coli, the structural gene for this enzyme forms an operon (lactose operon), and it is known that the transcription of the enzyme gene is controlled by the presence or absence of inducers and repressors, which has provided an important clue to elucidating the mechanism of gene expression. [Yanagida Mitsuhiro] Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
糖を分解する酵素の一種。β‐ガラクトシドを加水分解してガラクトースを生成する。ラクトース(乳糖)をガラクトースとグルコースに分解するラクターゼlactaseがその代表例。多くの生物に存在する。大腸菌では,この酵素の構造遺伝子がオペロン(ラクトースオペロン)を形成し,誘導物質や抑制物質の有無により酵素遺伝子の転写が制御されることが知られており,遺伝子発現の機構を解明する重要な糸口となった。【柳田 充弘】
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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