Flare - Furea (English spelling) flare

Japanese: フレア - ふれあ(英語表記)flare
Flare - Furea (English spelling) flare

An explosion phenomenon that occurs in the solar corona. The energy of the explosion is thought to be due to the energy of the magnetic field. The magnetic field lines extending through the corona are intricately intertwined, and when two magnetic field lines with different directions collide, the magnetic field lines are reconnected (magnetic field recombination), and the magnetic field energy generated at that time heats the coronal plasma to tens of millions of degrees Celsius and accelerates ions and electrons to nearly the speed of light. The amount of energy released is 10 to the 20th to 25th Joules (equivalent to the amount of energy currently used by all of humanity in 1 to 100,000 years). When a flare occurs, high-energy radiation, strong X-rays, ultraviolet rays, and solar wind are released into interplanetary space, damaging scientific satellite equipment and interfering with extravehicular activities in space. These X-rays and ultraviolet rays also affect the Earth's atmosphere, disrupting the ionosphere and causing the Dellinger phenomenon (interference in shortwave radio communication). In addition, when the solar wind reaches the Earth, it generates the aurora. It is known that flares occur in complex magnetic field regions, but their prediction has not yet been completed. As observations of stars other than the Sun progressed, it became clear that surface explosions also occurred on other stars, and the term "flare" came to be used to refer to them in general. Therefore, solar flares are sometimes called solar flares to distinguish them from other solar flares.

[Hiei Eijiro]

[References] | Aurora | Corona | Sun | Solar wind | Dellinger phenomenon
Flare
A large flare (bright part on the far right) occurred on September 10, 2017 at 12:06 pm (US time). Photographed by the Solar Observatory "SDO" © NASA/SDO/Goddard ">

Flare


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

太陽コロナ中でおこる爆発現象。爆発のエネルギーは磁場のエネルギーによると考えられている。コロナ中に伸びている磁力線は複雑に絡み合い、向きが異なる2本の磁力線がぶつかって磁力線のつなぎ替えがおこり(磁場の再結合)、そのとき発生した磁場のエネルギーがコロナプラズマを数千万℃に加熱したり、イオンや電子を光速近くまで加速させる。放出されるエネルギー量は10の20乗~25乗ジュール(全人類が現在使用しているエネルギー量の1年~10万年相当)である。フレアが発生すると高エネルギーの放射線や強いX線、紫外線、太陽風が惑星間空間に放出され、科学衛星の機器に障害を与えたり、宇宙空間での船外活動の障害となる。これらのX線、紫外線は地球大気にも影響を与えて、電離層を乱してデリンジャー現象(短波電波の通信障害)をおこす。また、太陽風が地球に到達すると、オーロラを発生させたりする。フレアの発生は複雑な磁場領域で発生することはわかっているが、まだその予報は完成していない。なお、太陽以外の恒星の観測が進むうちに、表面爆発は他の恒星でもおきていることがわかり、それら全般をフレアとよぶようになった。そこで太陽のフレアを太陽フレアとよんで区別することもある。

[日江井榮二郎]

[参照項目] | オーロラ | コロナ | 太陽 | 太陽風 | デリンジャー現象
フレア
2017年9月10日午後12時6分(アメリカ時間)に発生した大規模フレア(右端の明るい部分)。太陽観測衛星「SDO」により撮影©NASA/SDO/Goddard">

フレア


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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