Fouquet, Nicolas

Japanese: フーケ（英語表記）Fouquet， Nicolas

Born: January 27, 1615, Paris
[Died] March 23, 1680? Louis Pinerolo, Minister of Finance of France during the reign of King Louis XIV. After the Fronde, he gained the trust of Prime Minister J. Mazarin, and in 1650 he became the Attorney General of the Paris High Court. In 1653, Mazarin appointed him Minister of Finance, putting him in charge of the kingdom's finances and amassing a huge fortune. He became the patron of writers and painters including La Fontaine and Molière, built a magnificent castle in Baux-le-Vicomte, and established a library, but he incurred the jealousy of the young King Louis XIV, and after Mazarin's death (March 1661), he became embroiled in a power struggle with J. Colbert, and was eventually arrested for misuse of state funds (September 1661). The trial lasted three years, and the conspiracy by Colbert and others to overthrow Fouquet was exposed. Many writers and artists of the time tried to prove Fouquet's innocence, but he was ultimately sentenced to life imprisonment and died in the prison of Pinerolo.

Fouquet
Fouquet, Jean

[Born] 1420. Tool
Died: c. 1480. French painter, born in Tours. He is believed to have trained under a miniature painter in Paris. He traveled to Italy from 1445 to 1447, and produced the "Portrait of Pope Eugene IV" in Rome. He returned to Tours in 1448, and worked as a French court painter, adopting a new style that incorporated Italian elements. In 1475, Louis XI gave him the title "Painter to the King." His works were characterized by a kind of geometric deformation, a sculptural depiction of human figures, and a contrasting effect of color, and had a great influence on the development of French Renaissance painting. His works include the "Portrait of Charles VII" (1447, Louvre Museum) and the "Book of Hours of Étienne Chevalier" (c. 1450, Musee Condé, Chantilly).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1615.1.27. パリ
[没]1680.3.23?　ピネロロ
ルイ 14世時代のフランスの財務卿。フロンドの乱を契機に宰相 J.マザランの信任を得，1650年パリ高等法院の検事総長職を購入し，53年マザランにより財務卿に任じられて王国の財政を担当，巨万の富をたくわえた。ラ・フォンテーヌ，モリエールをはじめとする文人，画家の保護者となり，ボー・ル・ビコントに華麗な城館を築き，図書館を設置したが，若き国王ルイ 14世のねたみを買い，マザランの死 (1661.3.) 後，J.コルベールとの権力闘争に巻込まれて，ついに国費濫用のかどで逮捕された (61.9.) 。この訴訟は3年続き，コルベールらのフーケ追落しの陰謀も暴露され，当時の文人，芸術家の多くがフーケの無実のために努力したが，結局無期懲役に処せられピネロロの牢獄で世を去った。

フーケ
Fouquet， Jean

[生]1420頃.ツール
[没]1480頃.ツール
フランスの画家。パリのミニアチュール画家のもとで修業したと思われる。 1445～47年頃にイタリアを旅行し，ローマで『教皇エウゲニウス4世の肖像』を制作。 48年ツールに帰り，イタリア的要素を取入れた新画風でフランスの宮廷画家として活動。 75年ルイ 11世から「王の画家」の称号を受けた。一種の幾何学的デフォルメを伴う彫刻的人物表現と色彩の対比的効果を特色とし，フランス・ルネサンス絵画の展開に多大の影響を与えた。作品は『シャルル7世の肖像』 (1447，ルーブル美術館) ，『エチエンヌ・シュバリエの時祷書』 (50頃，シャンティイー，コンデ美術館) など。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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