Magistrate - Bugyo

Japanese: 奉行 - ぶぎょう

〘 noun 〙① (━suru) To command others and execute matters under the orders of a lord or other person. To act as an organizer in the execution of government affairs or events. Also, the person in question. Magistrate. Hokou. ※Engishiki ura-monjo, held by the Kujo Duke Family - February 8, 773 (4th year of the Houki era), Daijokan Fu-an "Imperial order, those concerned changed their original surnames, those given the surname Abe no Sekishima, the Ministry approved, quasi-imperial execution, Futo Bugyo"② A title of a position during the samurai period. A person in charge of and executing public affairs (kuji) (government affairs). Starting with the Kamakura Shogunate, they were initially simply called Kuji Bugyo-nin or Bugyo-nin, but with the development of the Shogunate's administrative and judicial systems, the system was changed to Hyōjō Bugyo, Kando Bugyo, Onsaku Bugyo, Ando Bugyo, and Shinmono Bugyo. In addition, various daimyo in the Sengoku period also established various magistrates, and the Toyotomi clan also established what were called the Five Bugyo. The Edo Shogunate established several dozen magistrates in the central and distant provinces, including the three magistrates for temples and shrines, town and accounting, and the lower three magistrates for construction, construction and minor construction. *Azuma Kagami - July 28, 1186 (Bunji 2) "Toshikane is _{the second} magistrate _{, etc.} " ③ Of the three magistrates for temples and shrines, town and accounting who were in charge of trials during the Edo period, this refers specifically to the town magistrate. *Ukiyo-zoshi - Saikaku Shokoku wa Nashi (1685) 5 "I could not wait for daylight to come, and presented my case to the magistrate (bugya) ." ④ Particularly in the early Edo Shogunate, the elders who would later become senior councilors were called magistrates or bugyo-nin. This is the meaning of "bugyo" that appears on the Shogunate's notices. Regent. Senior retainer. ※Edict of the Kanpo Collection, Vol. 2, June 12, 1661 (first year of the Kanbun era): "Rule 1: When quarrels and arguments are to be stopped and natural events occur, it is not permitted to send anyone on the spot. (Omitted) Magistrate." ⑤ Generally, the person who takes on this role. The person in charge. Often used in the form of "Major's Delivery Magistrate." ※Masukagami (c. 1368-76), Vol. 8: "When the wife's clothes are pushed out to the floor, she takes action." ⑥ (━suru) Buddhist term. To follow and practice the teachings of Buddha. ※Man'yoshu (late 8th century), Vol. 5, "Shinkan Jisaibun: "If you have _never done anything evil, _you _should listen and do _nothing evil. _{This is} the teaching of the Magistrate." [Masukagami, Vol. 1, Agama Sutra]

Ho-kou ...Kow [Bugyo]

〘 noun 〙 To carry out an order; to execute an order. Bugyo. ※Kaika Honron (1879)〈Tokuaki Yoshioka〉Vol. 1 "When it comes to the outline that should be made public to the whole world, it is necessary to have it carried out universally." [Han Shu - Wei Xiangden]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① (━する) 主君などの命を受けて他を指揮し、事を執行すること。政務や行事の執行において、幹事役をつとめること。また、その人。奉行人。ほうこう。※九条公爵家所蔵延喜式裏文書‐宝亀四年（773）二月八日・太政官符案「奉勅、件人等改本姓、賜安倍猨嶋姓者、省宜承知、准勅施行、符到奉行」② 武家時代の職名。公事(くじ)（=政務）を担当し執行するもの。鎌倉幕府にはじまり、最初は単に公事奉行人または奉行人と称したが、幕府行政・裁判制度の整備とともに、評定奉行、官途奉行、恩沢奉行、安堵奉行、進物奉行などが制度化された。また、戦国諸大名も各種の奉行を設け、豊臣氏は五奉行と称せられるものも置いた。江戸幕府では寺社・町・勘定の三奉行、作事・普請・小普請の下三奉行をはじめ、中央・遠国に数十にのぼる奉行を設置した。※吾妻鏡‐文治二年（1186）七月二八日「俊兼為_二奉行_一云々」③ 江戸時代、裁判をつかさどった寺社・町・勘定三奉行のうち、特に、町奉行をさしていう。※浮世草子・西鶴諸国はなし（1685）五「夜の明るを待兼、奉行(ブギャウ)へ御訴訟申あぐるに」④ 特に、江戸幕府初期において、後の老中にあたる年寄を奉行・奉行人と称した。幕府の高札に見える「奉行」はこの意味である。執政。宿老。※御触書寛保集成‐二・寛文元年（1661）六月一二日「定一喧嘩口論令停止之訖、自然有之時至、其場え一切不可出向事。〈略〉奉行」⑤ 一般に、その任にあたる人。係りの人。多く、「御産奉行」などと熟して用いる。※増鏡（1368‐76頃）八「女房の衣など、こちたきまで押し出だせば、ぶ行とりて」⑥ (━する) 仏語。仏の教えを奉じ、それを実践すること。※万葉（８Ｃ後）五・沈痾自哀文「曾無_二作悪之心_一謂_レ聞_二諸悪莫作諸善奉行之教_一也」〔増一阿含経‐一〕