Burmese War - Burmese War

Japanese: ビルマ戦争 - びるませんそう
Burmese War - Burmese War

Three colonial wars between Britain and Burma (now Myanmar) in the 19th century. Also known as the Anglo-Burmese Wars.

[Yoshinari Watanabe]

First World War

(1824-26) From the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century, the Konbaung Dynasty (Alaungpaya Dynasty), which advanced into Arakan in the west and Assam and Manipur in the north, caused various conflicts with British India. Britain saw this threat as a golden opportunity to advance eastward, and declared war on Burma in March 1824. King Bagyidaw, who had succumbed to the British forces, signed the Treaty of Yandapbo in February 1826, agreeing to pay compensation of 1 million pounds, cede Arakan and Tenasserim (now Tanintharyi), and renounce rights to Assam and Manipur.

[Yoshinari Watanabe]

Second World War

(1852) Even after this, relations between the two countries were not smooth, and there were frequent border disputes, problems over trade, etc. Determined to resolve the issue through force, Britain occupied the areas south of Prohm and Taungoo by the end of 1852, and unilaterally declared the annexation of Lower Burma.

[Yoshinari Watanabe]

The Third War

(1885-86) King Mindon tried to improve diplomatic relations between the two countries, but his successor King Thibaw tried to approach France and counter Britain. Britain, which was at odds with France over mainland Southeast Asia and Yunnan at the time, felt threatened by this and started hostilities on the pretext of a dispute over fines imposed on the Bombay-Burma Trading Company. At the end of November 1885, Britain occupied the capital, Mandalay, and on January 1 of the following year, it declared the annexation of Upper Burma.

[Yoshinari Watanabe]

[Reference] | Konbaung Dynasty

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

19世紀に3回にわたって行われたイギリスのビルマ(緬甸、現ミャンマー)に対する植民地戦争。英緬(えいめん)戦争ともいう。

[渡辺佳成]

第一次戦争

(1824~26) 18世紀末から19世紀初めにかけて、西方のアラカン、北方のアッサム、マニプルなどに進出したコンバウン朝(アラウンパヤー朝)は、イギリス領インドとの間にさまざまな衝突を引き起こした。イギリスはこの脅威をかえって東方進出の絶好の機会と考え、1824年3月、ビルマに宣戦布告した。イギリス軍に屈したバジードー王は、26年2月、ヤンダボ条約を結び、100万ポンドの賠償、アラカン、テナセリム(現タニンタリー)の割譲、アッサム、マニプルに対する権利放棄などを認めた。

[渡辺佳成]

第二次戦争

(1852) これ以後も、両国の関係は円滑を欠き、国境紛争、貿易をめぐる諸問題などが頻出した。武力による解決を決意したイギリスは、1852年末までにプローム、タウングー以南の地域を占領し、一方的に下ビルマの併合を宣言した。

[渡辺佳成]

第三次戦争

(1885~86) ミンドン王は両国の国交の改善に努めたが、ついでたったティボー王はフランスに接近してイギリスに対抗しようとした。当時、東南アジア大陸部、雲南をめぐってフランスと対立していたイギリスはこれに脅威を感じ、ボンベイ・ビルマ貿易会社への罰金課税をめぐる紛争を口実として、戦端を開いた。1885年11月末、イギリスは首都マンダレーを占領し、翌年1月1日上ビルマ併合を宣言した。

[渡辺佳成]

[参照項目] | コンバウン朝

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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