Hirado Island

Japanese: 平戸島 - ひらどしま
Hirado Island

An island in the northwest of Nagasaki Prefecture. It belongs to Hirado City. It is currently connected to the mainland by the Hirado Bridge, and National Route 383 runs through it. It is a long, narrow island shaped like a seahorse, stretching about 40 kilometers from north to south and 10 kilometers from east to west. Its area is 163.52 square kilometers. Geologically and topographically, it is roughly divided into three parts: north, central, and south. The area around the former castle town of Hirado in the north forms a low lava plateau at an altitude of 50 to 1,100 meters, while the areas around Uwatoko (406 meters), Kawachi Pass, Kurakakeyama, Kofujiyama, and Shiradake (250 meters) form high lava plateaus at an altitude of around 200 meters, and landslides have occurred on the mountainside near the boundary with the Tertiary layer that forms the base of the mountain. In the center of Hirado Island, the Hirado Volcanoes, consisting of alternating layers of tuff breccia and lava that erupted during the Hohi volcanic period, are distributed in two rows from east to west. On the west side are Mt. Yasumandake (514 meters), Mt. Miyako, and Mt. Byobu. In particular, Mt. Byobu has a strange appearance, with sawtooth-shaped rocks formed by the erosion of the tuff breccia. On the east side, Mt. Jigen (372 meters) and Mt. Shiraiwa are lined up from north to south. The southern part of Hirado Island is a hilly volcanic region (such as Hamadake) where the old Shijiki andesite volcanic body that forms the base of Hirado Volcano has been eroded over a long period of time. Mt. Shijiki (347 meters) is a monadnock (residual hill) with a sharp peak sharpened by erosion, and the southern foot is cut off by sea cliffs 40 to 150 meters high. Population 22,878 (2000).

[Yasuyoshi Ishii]

[Registration as a World Heritage Site] In 2018, the southwestern part of Hirado Island was registered as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) as a component asset of the "Hirado Sacred Sites and Villages (Kasuga Village and Mount Yasumandake)" as part of the "Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region" (World Cultural Heritage Site).

[Editorial Department, September 19, 2018]

Hirado Bridge
View from the mainland. The opposite shore is Hirado Island. Hirado City, Nagasaki Prefecture © Nagasaki Tourism Federation

Hirado Bridge


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

長崎県北西部の島。平戸市に属する。現在は平戸大橋によって本土とつながっており、国道383号が縦貫する。南北約40キロメートル、東西約10キロメートルのタツノオトシゴのような形をした細長い島。面積163.52平方キロメートル。地質や地形的には、北・中・南部に大きく3区分される。北部の旧城下町平戸付近では標高50~1100メートルの低位溶岩台地をなし、上床(うわとこ)(406メートル)、川内(かわち)峠、鞍掛(くらかけ)山、小富士山、白岳(しらだけ)(250メートル)の周辺は標高200メートル内外の高位溶岩台地をなし、山腹部では基盤をなす第三紀層との境界付近に地すべりを発生している。平戸島の中部には、豊肥火山活動期に噴出した凝灰角礫(かくれき)岩および溶岩の互層からなる平戸火山が東西2列に分布し、西側には安満岳(やすまんだけ)(514メートル)、都(みやこ)岳、屏風(びょうぶ)岳などがある。とくに屏風岳は、凝灰角礫岩の侵食によってのこぎり状の岩場をなし奇観を呈する。東側には慈眼(じげん)岳(372メートル)、白岩岳が南北に連なっている。平戸島の南部は、平戸火山の基盤をなす旧期の志々伎(しじき)安山岩の火山体が長期にわたる侵食によって丘陵性の火山地(浜岳など)となり、志々伎山(347メートル)はモナドノック(残丘)で、侵食によって研ぎ澄まされた尖峰(せんぽう)をなし、南麓(なんろく)は高さ40~150メートルの海食崖(がい)によって切断されている。人口2万2878(2000)。

[石井泰義]

〔世界遺産の登録〕2018年(平成30)、ユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)により「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」の構成資産「平戸の聖地と集落(春日集落と安満岳)」として、平戸島の南西部が世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された(世界文化遺産)。

[編集部 2018年9月19日]

平戸大橋
本土側からの眺望。対岸は平戸島。長崎県平戸市©一般社団法人長崎県観光連盟">

平戸大橋


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