Bleaching refers to the process of chemically breaking down and decolorizing pigments contained in textiles, cloth, paper, etc. to make them white. There are two types of bleaching: oxidative bleaching and reductive bleaching. Oxidative bleaching agents include hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, sodium borohydride, potassium permanganate, bleaching powder, and sodium hypochlorite, while reductive bleaching agents include sulfur dioxide, sodium hydrogen sulfite, and hydrosulfite. Bleaching with ultraviolet light, such as sunlight, is also often used. Food bleaches are used to bleach foods with the aim of increasing their commercial value. Food bleaches cannot contain any substances other than those specified by the Food Sanitation Act. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
繊維,布,紙などに含まれる色素を化学的に分解して脱色し,白くすることをいう。漂白には,酸化漂白と還元漂白がある。酸化漂白剤としては過酸化水素,過酸化ナトリウム,過酸化ホウ酸ナトリウム,過マンガン酸カリウム,さらし粉,次亜塩素酸ナトリウムなどがあり,還元漂白剤としては二酸化硫黄,亜硫酸水素ナトリウム,ハイドロサルファイトなどがある。そのほか,太陽光などの紫外線による漂白もしばしば行われる。また,食品の商品価値を高める目的で行われる漂白には,食品漂白剤が使われる。食品漂白剤は食品衛生法で決められている物質以外の物質は使用できない。
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