Cryolite (English spelling)

Japanese: 氷晶石 - ひょうしょうせき(英語表記)cryolite
Cryolite (English spelling)

A complex halide mineral. It is important as a solvent in the electrolytic refining of aluminum. It occurs abundantly in certain types of alkaline granitic pegmatites, as well as in certain types of rhyolite, carbonatites, and sedimentary rocks formed under alkaline conditions. It has not yet been reported from Japan. Its euhedral shape is pseudotetragonal short columnar, but it is extremely rare. It breaks into fragments as if they were popped by the flame of a candle or the like. It dissolves in an aqueous solution of aluminum chloride. Its English name comes from the Greek word kruos, which means ice or frost.

[Akira Kato]

[References] | Aluminum | Aluminum chloride | Minerals | Euhedral | Sedimentary rocks|Halides | Pegmatites [Supplementary information] | Cryolite (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

複ハロゲン鉱物の一つ。アルミニウムの電解精錬の際の溶剤として重要である。ある種のアルカリ花崗(かこう)岩質ペグマタイト中に多産し、またある種の流紋岩中、カーボナタイト、アルカリ性条件下で生成された堆積(たいせき)岩中に産する。日本からはまだ報告されていない。自形は擬正方短柱状であるが、きわめてまれである。ろうそくなどの炎で弾けたように砕片化する。塩化アルミニウムの水溶液に溶解する。英名はギリシア語で氷あるいは霜を意味するクルオスkruosに由来する。

[加藤 昭]

[参照項目] | アルミニウム | 塩化アルミニウム | 鉱物 | 自形 | 堆積岩 | ハロゲン族元素 | ペグマタイト[補完資料] | 氷晶石(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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