Temple name - Byōgō

In China, when an emperor dies and is enshrined in a Taibyo temple, this is the title of the temple given as a posthumous honor along with his posthumous name. For example, it is written that "the ministers elevated his posthumous name to Emperor Da Wu, and gave him the temple title Gaozu" (Records of the Emperor Gaozu, Old Book of Tang). The origin of temple titles is said to be when Shun gave Gaoyang his "ancestor" and Yao his "successor," but in fact it is probably a system that was established during the Western Han Dynasty. Generally, the founder of a dynasty is given the title "ancestor" (Gaozu, Taizu), and his successor is given the title "successor" (Taizong, Gaozong), but there are no particular rules.

[Isamu Ogata]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、皇帝の死後、太廟(たいびょう)に祀(まつ)るときに、諡(おくりな)とともに追尊(ついそん)して贈られる廟室の称号。たとえば、「群臣(ぐんしん)、諡を上(のぼ)して大武(たいぶ)皇帝といい、廟号を高祖(こうそ)とす」（『旧唐書(くとうじょ)』高祖本紀）とある。廟号の起源は、舜(しゅん)が高陽(こうよう)を「祖(そ)」とし、堯(ぎょう)を「宗(そう)」としたことにあるといわれるが、実際は前漢時代に成立した制度であろう。おおむね王朝の創立者に「祖」（高祖、太祖(たいそ)）、その後継者に「宗」（太宗(たいそう)、高宗(こうそう)）が贈られるが、格別の法則はない。

［尾形　勇］

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