Bjerknes, Vilhelm

Japanese: ビヤークネス(英語表記)Bjerknes, Vilhelm
Bjerknes, Vilhelm
Born: March 14, 1862 in Christiania
Died: April 9, 1951, Oslo. Norwegian meteorologist and physicist. Studied at Christiania University and the University of Bonn, and worked as an assistant to Heinrich Rudolf Hertz from 1890 to 1892 on research into electrical resonance. Appointed professor at Stockholm University in 1895 and Christiania University in 1907. Appointed professor at Leipzig University in 1912. Founded geophysical institutes in Leipzig and Bergen. Appointed professor at the University of Oslo from 1926 to 1932. His circulation theorem, proposed in 1897, is well known for its comprehensive understanding of large-scale atmospheric and oceanic phenomena from the perspectives of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics, and made a major contribution to the subsequent progress of weather forecasting. His main work was Dynamics of the Atmospheric Circulation (1921).

Bjerknes
Bjerknes, Jacob

Born: November 2, 1897 in Stockholm, Sweden
[Died] July 7, 1975. Los Angeles, California, USA. Norwegian and American meteorologist. Son of Wilhelm Bjerknes. Graduated from the University of Oslo. Worked with his father at the Bergen Geophysical Institute to develop Norway's meteorological observation network. Moved to the United States in 1939, and became a professor at the University of California in 1940. Obtained American citizenship in 1946. Contributed to the development of meteorology and forecasting through research on the mechanisms of cyclone formation, fronts, and jet streams.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1862.3.14. クリスチャニア
[没]1951.4.9. オスロ
ノルウェーの気象学者,物理学者。クリスチャニア大学,ボン大学に学び,ハインリヒ・ルドルフ・ヘルツの助手として 1890~92年電気の共振現象の研究に従事。1895年ストックホルム大学教授,1907年クリスチャニア大学教授。1912年ライプチヒ大学教授。ライプチヒ,ベルゲンにそれぞれ地球物理学研究所を創設。1926~32年オスロ大学教授。1897年に提唱した循環定理は,大気および海洋の大規模な現象を流体力学および熱力学的観点から総合的にとらえるものとしてよく知られ,以後の気象予報学の進歩に大きく貢献した。主著『大気循環の動力学』(1921)。

ビヤークネス
Bjerknes, Jacob

[生]1897.11.2. スウェーデン,ストックホルム
[没]1975.7.7. アメリカ合衆国,カリフォルニア,ロサンゼルス
ノルウェー,アメリカ合衆国の気象学者。ウィルヘルム・ビヤークネスの子。オスロ大学卒業。ベルゲン地球物理学研究所で父とともにノルウェーの気象観測網の整備に尽力。1939年にアメリカに渡り,1940年カリフォルニア大学教授。1946年アメリカの市民権を取得。低気圧発生の機構,前線,ジェット気流の研究などによって,気象学および予報学の発展に貢献した。

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