A seal is an impression that is submitted to government offices, public offices, business partners, etc. to verify the authenticity of the seal (the shape of the seal after it has been pressed). A typical example is a seal (jitsuin) that is submitted to a city or town in advance for a seal certification, and is required for important transactions. In addition, some seals are pressed on passbooks, such as for postal savings and bank deposits. In general, the seal itself is also called a seal. In Japan, a seal is used in the same way as a signature in the West. However, there are few cases (such as a will) where a seal is required under private law (as the absence of a seal makes the document invalid), and for normal contracts, even if a seal is not pressed on the contract, the contract will be valid as long as the person wishes. Even if a seal is pressed, if it is a recognized seal (a seal other than a jitsuin), the person may deny the seal, but in the case of a jitsuin, there is the convenience of being able to prove that it is the person's real seal through a seal certification. [Yasuyuki Takahashi and Masamitsu Nozawa] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
印影(印を押したあとの形)の真否を確かめるために、官庁、公署、取引先などに届けておく印影をいう。印鑑証明のためにあらかじめ市町村に届け出ておく印鑑(実印)が代表的なもので、重要な取引に必要となる。そのほか、郵便貯金、銀行預金の場合などのように通帳に押すものもある。なお、一般には印形(いんぎょう)(はんこ)そのものをも印鑑ということが多い。日本では西洋におけるサインと同じように押印が用いられる。もっとも、私法上、印を押すことが要求される(押印がなければ無効という形で)場合は少なく(遺言状など)、通常の契約などでは、契約書に印を押していなくても、本人の意思さえあれば契約は有効に成立する。印が押されていても、それが認め印(実印以外の印)であると、本人がその印を否認する場合もおこるが、実印の場合は印鑑証明によって本人の本当の印であることが証明されるという便宜がある。 [高橋康之・野澤正充] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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