It is an abbreviation of benzenehexachloride, but since this compound is benzene with chlorine added, its official chemical name is 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane. The misnamed BHC, which was given in Japan, became internationally known. It was first synthesized by Faraday in 1825, and in 1912, Teunis van der Linden (1884-1965) discovered four conformational isomers, and in 1941, it was discovered to have insecticidal properties. In 1942, Roland Edgar Slade (?-1968) conducted detailed research and announced that the isomer he named γ (gamma) had outstanding insecticidal properties. It has contact poison, food poisoning and fumigation properties against various pests, and in Japan since 1949 (Showa 24), large quantities of formulations have been widely and effectively used to control sanitary pests such as flies, mosquitoes and fleas, as well as to control pests in rice paddies, fruit trees and vegetables. Because it is difficult to decompose in nature, it bioaccumulates in the food chain and there is a risk that it may ultimately accumulate in the human body, so its use was banned in Japan in 1971. [Murata Michio] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ベンゼンヘキサクロリドbenzenhexachlorideの略称であるが、この化合物はベンゼンに塩素を付加したものであるから、正式化学名は1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexaneである。日本で命名した誤名のBHCが国際的になった。1825年ファラデーが初めて合成し、1912年リンデンTeunis van der Linden(1884―1965)が4個の配座異性体を発見、1941年になって殺虫力のあることが発見された。1942年スレードRoland Edgar Slade(?―1968)が詳細な研究を行い、異性体中でγ(ガンマ)と命名するものが抜群に殺虫力をもつことを発表した。各種の害虫に対して接触毒、食毒、燻蒸(くんじょう)毒作用をもち、日本では1949年(昭和24)から水田や果樹や野菜の害虫防除とともに、ハエ、カ、ノミなど衛生害虫の防除にも広く大量の製剤が使用され、奏効を呈した。自然界で分解しにくいために食物連鎖で生物濃縮され、最終的に人体へ蓄積するおそれを考慮し、1971年より日本では使用が禁止された。 [村田道雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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