Rammed Earth - Hanchiku

Japanese: 版築 - はんちく

A method of compacting earth to build a building's foundations and walls. Generally, the soil is excavated in the area to be built, and then other soil, clay, pebbles, tiles, etc. are alternately placed in the excavated area and compacted. This method was certainly used in China during the Shang Dynasty, and made it possible to build large buildings on a solid foundation. In Japan, the method was discovered during the investigation of the Wakakusa Garan ruins, marking a breakthrough in the investigation of temples and government offices.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

土をつき固めて建物の土壇や土壁を造る方法。一般に建築する範囲の土を掘下げ，そこに別の土と，粘土あるいは小石，瓦などを交互に入れ，つき固める。中国の殷代には確実にこの工法があり，強固な基礎の上に大建築が可能となった。日本でも若草伽藍跡の調査によってこの工法が判明し，寺院，官衙の調査に飛躍的前進をもたらした。

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