This disease was first reported in 1899 by the Italian physician Guido Banti (1852-1925). It started with splenomegaly and anemia, and gradually progressed to bleeding tendency and ascites, and the patient died of cirrhosis. Autopsies of patients revealed that fibrosis had spread to the follicles of the spleen. This is Banti's disease, which is common in middle-aged women. The clinical course is anemia and splenomegaly in stage I, jaundice in stage II, and severe gastrointestinal disorders, and in stage III, all of the above worsen, with ascites, bleeding easily, cachexia, and death. The blood tends to be accompanied by microcytic anemia for which iron supplements are effective, with a decrease in white blood cells and platelets, and the maturation of blood cells is inhibited in the bone marrow, resulting in a condition called splenomegaly myelosuppression or hypersplenism. The only treatment is to remove the spleen as soon as possible after the diagnosis is made. This improves blood findings and halts the progression to cirrhosis. Subsequently, as research into Banti's disease progressed, it became difficult to distinguish pathologically between it and other types of splenomegaly caused by liver cirrhosis, and it was unclear whether Banti's disease was an independent disease, so similar cases were collectively referred to as Banti's syndrome. [Kenjiro Ito] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの医師バンチGuido Banti(1852―1925)が1899年に初めて報告した疾患で、脾腫(ひしゅ)と貧血で始まり、しだいに進行して出血傾向と腹水がたまり、肝硬変になって死亡した患者の剖検により、脾臓の濾胞(ろほう)まで線維化が及んでいることがわかった。これがバンチ病で、中年の女性に多い。臨床的経過は、I期では貧血と脾腫があり、Ⅱ期では肝臓が腫(は)れて黄疸(おうだん)をおこし、胃腸障害が強く、Ⅲ期ではすべて悪化して腹水がたまり、出血しやすくなり、悪液質となって死亡する。血液では鉄剤が有効な小球性貧血を伴いやすく、白血球と血小板が減少し、骨髄では血球の成熟が阻害されており、巨脾性骨髄抑制あるいは脾機能亢進(こうしん)症といわれる状態を示す。治療は、診断がついたら早期に脾臓を摘出することが唯一の方法である。これによって血液所見は改善され、肝硬変への進行も停止する。 その後、バンチ病の研究が進むとともに、病理組織学的に他の肝硬変による脾腫との間に差がみいだしがたく、バンチ病が独立した病気かどうか不明の点もあり、類似するものを一括してバンチ症候群とよんでいる。 [伊藤健次郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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