Rock pear - Rock pear

Japanese: イワナシ - いわなし
Rock pear - Rock pear

An evergreen shrub of the Ericaceae family (APG classification: Ericaceae). The stems are thin and reddish-brown hairy, growing low to the ground. The leaves are alternate and leathery, ovate-oblong, 5-10 cm long, entire, and coarsely hairy on both sides. In April and May, pale pink flowers bloom in racemes at the ends of the branches, with tubular bell-shaped corollas about 1 cm long and 5 lobes at the end. The calyx has 5 lobes and a pointed tip, and is reddish purple along with the bracts, with 10 stamens. The fruit ripens in summer, is oblate, about 1 cm in diameter, and shortly hairy. The placenta is white and fleshy, sweet and edible, and is called Iwanashi because it resembles the flesh of a pear. It grows under forests in mountainous areas, and is distributed from southwestern Hokkaido to the Sea of ​​Japan side of Honshu. It is grown in a pot for decoration, and in the Tamba region of Kyoto Prefecture, it is used to make Iwanashi sake. There is one species of Iwanashi in Japan and one in North America.

The American Arbutus repens L. is dioecious and commonly called trailing arbutus or mayflower. The latter was named in commemoration of the ship Mayflower, which was sailed by a group of Puritans from England to America in 1620, because this flower was the first to bloom the following spring. It is the state flower of Massachusetts. In England, the term mayflower refers to the Japanese hawthorn, a member of the Rosaceae family.

[Yoshio Kobayashi April 16, 2021]

Rock pear
The leaves are leathery, egg-shaped, oblong, entire, and have coarse hairs on both sides. In April and May, pale pink tubular bell-shaped flowers bloom at the ends of the branches. ©Shogakukan Photo by Fujio Aoyama ">

Rock pear


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ツツジ科(APG分類:ツツジ科)の常緑小低木。茎は細く、赤褐色の長毛があり、低く地面に伏して生える。葉は互生し革質で、卵状長楕円(ちょうだえん)形、長さ5~10センチメートル、全縁で両面に粗い毛がある。4~5月、枝の先に淡紅色の花が総状について開き、花冠は筒状の鐘形、長さ約1センチメートルで先が5裂する。萼(がく)は5裂して先がとがり、包葉とともに紅紫色を帯び、雄しべは10本。果実は夏に熟し、扁球(へんきゅう)形、径約1センチメートルで、短毛がある。胎座が白色多肉質となり、甘くて食べられ、ナシの果肉に似るのでイワナシといわれる。山地の林下に生え、北海道西南部から本州の日本海側に分布する。鉢植えにして観賞され、京都府の丹波(たんば)地方では岩梨酒をつくる。イワナシ属は日本に1種と北アメリカに1種分布する。

 アメリカのイワナシE. repens L.は雌雄異株で、普通名はtrailing arbutus(這(は)うイワナシ)またはmayflower(メイフラワー)という。後者は、1620年にイギリスから清教徒の一団がアメリカに渡ったとき、翌春、この花がいち早く開いたので、乗船してきたメイフラワー号を記念してつけられたという。マサチューセッツ州の州花である。なお、イギリスでは、メイフラワーはバラ科のサンザシのことをさす。

[小林義雄 2021年4月16日]

イワナシ
葉は革質で卵状長楕円形、全縁で両面に粗い毛がある。4~5月、枝の先に淡紅色の筒状鐘形の花をつける©Shogakukan 撮影/青山富士夫">

イワナシ


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