Hanko - Stamp

A historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. A native of Youfufeng Anling County (Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province), he wrote the 100-volume "Book of Han," the official history of the Western Han Dynasty. His father, Biao (3-54), had stopped writing "Records of the Grand Historian" during the reign of Emperor Wu, and as the record was also sketchy, he wrote several dozen volumes of "Posthumous Records," but died before completing the work. Showing a talent for composition and poetry from an early age, Gu devoted himself to writing in order to fulfill his father's wishes. At one point, Emperor Ming mistook his actions for revising the national history and had him imprisoned and his books confiscated, but he was pardoned after his younger brother Chao (a man active in business in the Western Regions) explained his situation. He continued to compile the "Book of Han" as a Landai Reishi (a secretary to the imperial court, responsible for documents). His younger sister, Zhao, was also well-known as a scholar, and took over after Gu died at the age of 61 just before the book was completed. In the field of Confucianism, he wrote the anthology "Byakko Tonggi" and the literary work "Ryōdō Fu."

[Kazuyuki Tsuruma]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、後漢(ごかん)の歴史家。右扶風安陵(うふふうあんりょう)県（陝西(せんせい)省咸陽(かんよう)市）の人。前漢王朝の正史『漢書(かんじょ)』100巻を著す。父の彪(ひょう)（3―54）は、『史記』が武帝期で絶筆しており、その内容も粗略であったために『後伝』数十編を執筆したが、中途で死んでしまった。幼いときから作文や詩賦に才能を示していた固は、父の遺志を成就させるために著述に専念した。その行動を、国史を改作していると誤解した明(めい)帝から牢獄(ろうごく)につながれて書物を没収されてしまったこともあったが、弟の超（西域(せいいき)経営に活躍する人物）の弁明によって許された。以後蘭台令史(らんだいれいし)（宮廷の秘書、文書をつかさどる官）として『漢書』の編纂(へんさん)を続けた。妹の昭(しょう)も学者として名を知られ、固が61歳で完成直前に死去してしまった後を引き継いだ。儒学の面では選集した『白虎(びゃっこ)通義』があり、文学作品『両都賦』などがある。

［鶴間和幸］

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