Italian historian and politician. Born into a family of senior officials in the Kingdom of Sardinia. He served in various administrative roles in Italy under Napoleon (1807-1814), and after the Restoration he joined the Piedmontese army, where he became acquainted with the liberal Duke Carlo Alberto. He opposed the Piedmontese Constitutional Revolution of 1821, but was suspected of having connections with Duke Alberto and friends who were implicated, and spent ten years in confinement. During this time he devoted himself to historical research and political speculation, and wrote A History of Italy (1830). He later wrote A Life of Dante (1839) and Outlines of a History of Italy (1846), but with the publication of his main work, The Hope of Italy (1844), he became a voice for the moderates. In this book, he embraced Catholic liberalism and gradual reformism from Gioberti's Neo-Guelphism, rejected papal leadership, and pinned his hopes for Italian independence on changes in international relations initiated by Piedmont. This book had the tacit approval of Duke Albert, who had been King of Piedmont since 1831. In 1847, in cooperation with Cavour, Balbo published the newspaper Risorgimento in Turin and promoted the constitutional movement. After the promulgation of the Albertian Constitution in the following year, 1848, he became the first Prime Minister of Piedmont and immediately declared war on Austria, but resigned in July after a conflict with the parliament over the annexation of Lombardy. From 1849 onwards, he continued his political activities as a leader of the right-wing parliament, but devoted himself more to research. [Yasuro Shigeoka] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの歴史家、政治家。サルデーニャ王国の重臣の家庭に生まれる。ナポレオン体制下のイタリアで種々の行政官を務め(1807~1814)、王政復古とともにピエモンテの軍隊に入り、自由主義的なカルロ・アルベルト公の知遇を得た。1821年のピエモンテ立憲革命に反対であったが、アルベルト公や連座した友人との関係で嫌疑を受け、10年に及ぶ謹慎生活を過ごした。この間、歴史研究と政治的思索に没頭し、『イタリア史』(1830)を著した。その後『ダンテの生涯』(1839)や『イタリア史概要』(1846)を書いたが、主著である『イタリアの希望』の発表(1844)によって穏健派の代弁者となった。この書で、ジョベルティの新(ネオ)グェルフ主義からカトリック自由主義と漸進的改良主義を受け入れ、教皇主導主義を排してピエモンテのイニシアティブによる国際関係の変化にイタリア独立の希望を託した。本書は、1831年以来ピエモンテの国王になったアルベルト公の内諾を得ていた。バルボは、1847年カブールと協力して『リソルジメント』紙をトリノで発行し、立憲運動を推進した。翌1848年アルベルト憲法発布後、最初のピエモンテ首相となり、ただちに対オーストリア戦争を宣言したが、ロンバルディアの併合問題をめぐって議会と対立し、7月に辞任。1849年以降、右派議員の長老として政治活動を続けたが、研究活動により力を注いだ。 [重岡保郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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