This law was enacted in 1949 (Showa 24) to stipulate the duties of the national and local governments regarding social education. Its duties are to "strive to foster an environment in which all citizens can take advantage of every opportunity and place to improve their own cultural sophistication in line with their practical lives, through the establishment and operation of facilities, holding of meetings, preparation and distribution of materials, and other methods." The law stipulates autonomous "social education-related organizations," "social education committee members" who advise the board of education, "community centers" as educational institutions, "use of school facilities" including public lectures, "distance education" in social education, etc., and in 1951, provisions were added for "social education directors and assistant social education directors" who provide guidance and advice to those who conduct social education. Subsequent amendments to the law in 1959 allowed the provision of subsidies to social education-related organizations, which had been prohibited until then, to be made possible for non-educational activities. In 1999, in the name of deregulation, the establishment of a public hall management council was changed from mandatory to optional, and the provision requiring the council to provide its opinion on the appointment of a director was abolished. Following the revision of the Fundamental Law of Education in 2006, a revision was made in 2008 that placed emphasis on cooperation with schools and families. [Uesugi Takazane] Yokoyama Hiroshi and Kobayashi Fumito (eds.), "Compilation of Materials on the Establishment of the Social Education Law" (1981, Showa Publishing) ▽ Ogawa Toshio (ed.), "Law and Administration of Social Education" (1987, Akishobo) ▽ Japan Society for the Study of Social Education (ed.), "Ideas and Legislation of Contemporary Social Education" (1996, Toyokan Publishing) ▽ Japan Society for the Study of Social Education (ed.), "Contemporary Examination of Legislation Related to Social Education" (2003, Toyokan Publishing) [Reference items] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
社会教育に関する国や地方公共団体の任務を規定した1949年(昭和24)成立の法律。「施設の設置及び運営、集会の開催、資料の作製、頒布その他の方法により、すべての国民があらゆる機会、あらゆる場所を利用して、自ら実際的生活に即する文化的教養を高め得るような環境を醸成するように努め」るのが、その任務である。内容として、自主的な「社会教育関係団体」、教育委員会に助言する「社会教育委員」、教育機関としての「公民館」、公開講座などを含む「学校施設の利用」、社会教育における「通信教育」などが規定され、1951年には、社会教育を行う者に対し指導・助言にあたる「社会教育主事及び社会教育主事補」の規定が付け加えられた。その後の法改正で、1959年には、それまで禁止されていた社会教育関係団体への補助金の交付が教育以外の事業について可能となるように変えられた。また1999年(平成11)には、規制緩和の名のもとに、公民館運営審議会は必置から任意設置に変えられるとともに、この審議会に館長人事について任命に先だって意見を求めるという規定がなくなった、などの変化がみられる。2006年の教育基本法改訂をうけて、2008年には、学校や家庭との連携に重点を置いた改正が行われた。 [上杉孝實] 『横山宏・小林文人編著『社会教育法成立過程資料集成』(1981・昭和出版)』▽『小川利夫編『社会教育の法と行政』(1987・亜紀書房)』▽『日本社会教育学会編『現代社会教育の理念と法制』(1996・東洋館出版社)』▽『日本社会教育学会編『社会教育関連法制の現代的検討』(2003・東洋館出版社)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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