A phenomenon in which blood flow, voltage, etc. change rhythmically, such as a pulse or heartbeat. A pulse usually refers to a periodic and transient change in a physical quantity over time, but there are also pulses based on dimensions other than time, so in those cases, the dimension must be made clear, for example, a space pulse. The common property of all pulses is that they change rapidly from a steady state (not necessarily zero), persist for a finite period, and then rapidly return to the original state. Pulses are mainly used in communication devices. The radio waves used in navigation devices such as radar and Loran are themselves pulsed, but in PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) and PSK (Phase Shift Keying), the radio waves are continuous, and the signal that modulates them is the pulse. In computers, pulses are used as clock pulses, control pulses, or to form codes to perform storage and calculations. [Iwao Ishijima] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
脈拍や鼓動のように血液の流れや電圧の値などが律動的に変化する現象をいう。パルスは通常、時間の推移に従って物理量が周期的、かつ過渡的に変化することをいうが、時間以外の次元を基準とするパルスも存在するから、その場合には、たとえばスペースパルスというように次元を明白にする必要がある。すべてのパルスに共通な性質は、ある定常な状態(零でなくてもよい)から急速に変化し、有限の期間持続し、もとの状態に急速に復帰するような変化を繰り返すことである。パルスは主として通信装置に使用されている。レーダーやロランのような航法装置に使用されている電波は、電波自体がパルス状を呈しているが、PCM(パルス符号変調)、PSK(フェイズ・シフト・キーイング)では電波は持続しており、これを変調する信号のほうがパルスなのである。コンピュータではパルスはクロックパルス、制御パルスとして、あるいは符号を構成して記憶や演算が遂行される。 [石島 巖] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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